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Another English shorthand system creator of the 17th century was William Mason (fl. 1672–1709) who published Arts Advancement in 1682. Tombstone of Heinrich Roller, inventor of a German shorthand system, with a sample of his shorthand. Modern-looking geometric shorthand was introduced with John Byrom's New Universal Shorthand of 1720.
The original version of Speedwriting uses letters of the alphabet and a few punctuation marks to represent the sounds of English. There are abbreviations for common prefixes and suffixes; for example, uppercase N represents enter- or inter- so "entertainment" is written as Ntn-and "interrogation" is reduced to Ngj. [2]
Gregg Shorthand Alphabet, with letters and words from Esperanto. Gregg shorthand is a system of phonography, or a phonemic writing system, which means it records the sounds of the speaker, not the English spelling. [4] For example, it uses the f stroke for the / f / sound in funnel, telephone, and laugh, [8] and omits all silent letters. [4]
From the 1920s through the 1970s, typing speed (along with shorthand speed) was an important secretarial qualification and typing contests were popular and often publicized by typewriter companies as promotional tools. A less common measure of the speed of a typist, CPM is used to identify the number of characters typed per minute.
Teeline shorthand is a streamlined way to transcribe the spoken word quickly by removing unnecessary letters from words and making the letters themselves faster to write. [2] Vowels are often removed when they are not the first or last letter of a word, and silent letters are also ignored. [ 2 ]
Forkner Shorthand is an alphabetic shorthand created by Hamden L. Forkner and first published in 1955. Its popularity grew through the 1980s as those who needed shorthand every day (such as secretaries) began to favor the easier learning curve of alphabetic systems to the more difficult (but potentially faster) symbol-based ones.
In the first stroke of the word example, the PL combination refers to m. In the second stroke of the word, that same key combination refers to the two letters pl. English text rendered in steno shorthand. Many words have been abbreviated: this, of and from are chorded as th, f and fr, and machine and shorthand become mn and shand respectively.
English: Thomas Natural Shorthand [71] 1935: Charles A. Thomas: English: Tironian notes [72] 63 BC: Marcus Tullius Tiro: Latin: Typed Shorthand [73] 1917: William Baines: English: Also known as Baines' Typed Shorthand. Universal English Shorthand [74] about 1740: John Byrom: English: Wang-Krogdahl's system [75] 1936: Leif Wang and Olav Krogdahl ...