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Fish, Shirley (2003), When Britain ruled the Philippines, 1762-1764: the story of the 18th century British invasion of the Philippines during the Seven Years War, 1stBooks Library, ISBN 978-1-4107-1069-7; Draper, James (2006). Pitt's 'Gallant Conqueror': The Turbulent Life of Lieutenant General William Draper. I.B.Tauris. ISBN 9781845111779.
The history of the Philippines from 1565 to 1898 is known as the Spanish colonial period, during which the Philippine Islands were ruled as the Captaincy General of the Philippines within the Spanish East Indies, initially under the Viceroyalty of New Spain, based in Mexico City, until the independence of the Mexican Empire from Spain in 1821.
On October 11, 1945, the Philippines became one of the founding members of the United Nations. [134] [135] On July 4, 1946, the Philippines was officially recognized by the United States as an independent nation through the Treaty of Manila between the governments of the United States and the Philippine islands, during the presidency of Manuel ...
The Philippines was ruled under the Mexico-based Viceroyalty of New Spain. After this, the colony was directly governed by Spain, following Mexico's independence. Spanish rule ended in 1898 with Spain's defeat in the Spanish–American War. The Philippines then became a territory of the United States.
On a national address, Arroyo said that she was "sorry on a lapse of judgment." The opposition did not let up, and she had to put down two more coup attempts. [127] [128] Following her election, Arroyo attempted to change the constitution and create a parliamentary system. This gained significant momentum and support from the House, but Senate ...
The royal decree of February 2, 1800, prohibited foreigners from living in the Philippines. [34] as did the royal decrees of 1807 and 1816. [34] In 1823, Governor-General Mariano Ricafort promulgated an edict prohibiting foreign merchants from engaging in retail trade and visiting the provinces for the purpose of trading.
1898 US political cartoon. U.S. President William McKinley is shown holding the Philippines, depicted as a native child, as the world looks on. The implied options for McKinley are to keep the Philippines, or give it back to Spain, which the cartoon compares to throwing a child off a cliff.
In 1570, Spanish soldiers led by conquistador Martín de Goiti conquered Manila. The local Tagalog people had only recently developed a nominal Muslim rulership under Rajah Sulayman against the rival older Tondo state; they did not raise sustained opposition to Spanish occupation after the then small town of Maynila was destroyed and conquered.