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  2. Clearance (pharmacology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clearance_(pharmacology)

    Clearance is variable in zero-order kinetics because a constant amount of the drug is eliminated per unit time, but it is constant in first-order kinetics, because the amount of drug eliminated per unit time changes with the concentration of drug in the blood. [3] [4]

  3. Biological half-life - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_half-life

    Hence the removal of a large concentration of alcohol from blood may follow zero-order kinetics. Also the rate-limiting steps for one substance may be in common with other substances. For instance, the blood alcohol concentration can be used to modify the biochemistry of methanol and ethylene glycol.

  4. Pharmacokinetics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacokinetics

    In this one-compartment model, the most common model of elimination is first order kinetics, where the elimination of the drug is directly proportional to the drug's concentration in the organism. This is often called linear pharmacokinetics , as the change in concentration over time can be expressed as a linear differential equation d C d t ...

  5. Area under the curve (pharmacokinetics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Area_under_the_curve...

    The AUC (from zero to infinity) represents the total drug exposure across time. AUC is a useful metric when trying to determine whether two formulations of the same dose (for example a capsule and a tablet) result in equal amounts of tissue or plasma exposure. Another use is in the therapeutic drug monitoring of drugs with a narrow therapeutic ...

  6. Plateau principle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plateau_Principle

    Most drugs are eliminated from the blood plasma with first-order kinetics. For this reason, when a drug is introduced into the body at a constant rate by intravenous therapy, it approaches a new steady concentration in the blood at a rate defined by its half-life. Similarly, when the intravenous infusion is ended, the drug concentration ...

  7. Elimination rate constant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elimination_rate_constant

    In first-order (linear) kinetics, the plasma concentration of a drug at a given time t after single dose administration via IV bolus injection is given by; = / where: C 0 is the initial concentration (at t=0)

  8. Pharmacology of ethanol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacology_of_ethanol

    The model corresponds to a single-compartment model with instantaneous absorption and zero-order kinetics for elimination. The model is most accurate when used to estimate BAC a few hours after drinking a single dose of alcohol in a fasted state, and can be within 20% CV of the true value.

  9. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modelling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physiologically_based...

    The first order rate constants k12 and k21 describe exchange between the two compartments. Note that kp = k12, kd = k21. (D) Two compartment model defined in terms of the drug amount, where Nbl is the amount of drug in blood (mg), and Np is the amount in peripheral tissue (mg).