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There are more than 2,000 species of tiny (0.04 to 0.15 inches), wingless, blood-sucking fleas that live on the body of the host they infest. Although fleas cannot fly, they have developed ...
Murine typhus, also known as endemic typhus or flea-borne typhus, is a form of typhus transmitted by fleas (Xenopsylla cheopis), usually on rats, in contrast to epidemic typhus which is usually transmitted by lice. [1] [2] [3] Murine typhus is an under-recognized entity, as it is often confused with viral illnesses. Most people who are infected ...
Another, more permanent, practice that is used in some countries is mulesing, where the skin is removed from young animals to tighten remaining skin – leaving it less prone to fly attack. [27] To prevent myiasis in humans, there is a need for general improvement of sanitation, personal hygiene, and extermination of the flies by insecticides.
The human flea (Pulex irritans) – once also called the house flea [1] – is a cosmopolitan flea species that has, in spite of the common name, a wide host spectrum. It is one of six species in the genus Pulex ; the other five are all confined to the Nearctic and Neotropical realms . [ 2 ]
Like other fleas, this species plays a role in spreading zoonotic diseases. [3] Rise in rodent outbreaks of zoonotic diseases can spread to humans, like the plague, rickettsioses, and bartonelloses. [3] They can also transmit pathogens that cause tularemia, Q fever, trypanosomiasis, and myxomatosis. [3]
Fleas are wingless insects, 1.5 to 3.3 millimetres (1 ⁄ 16 to 1 ⁄ 8 inch) long, that are agile, usually dark colored (for example, the reddish-brown of the cat flea), with a proboscis, or stylet, adapted to feeding by piercing the skin and sucking their host's blood through their epipharynx.
This process mechanically transmits pathogens that may cause diseases it might carry. Fleas smell exhaled carbon dioxide from humans and animals and jump rapidly to the source to feed on the newly found host. The flea is wingless so it can not fly, but it can jump long distances with the help of small, powerful legs.
List of cutaneous conditions associated with increased risk of nonmelanoma skin cancer; List of cutaneous conditions associated with internal malignancy; List of cutaneous conditions caused by mutations in keratins; List of cutaneous neoplasms associated with systemic syndromes; List of cutaneous conditions caused by problems with junctional ...