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  2. Oscillation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oscillation

    Oscillation is the repetitive or periodic variation, typically in time, of some measure about a central value (often a point of equilibrium) or between two or more different states. Familiar examples of oscillation include a swinging pendulum and alternating current .

  3. Time-variation of fundamental constants - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time-variation_of...

    The immutability of these fundamental constants is an important cornerstone of the laws of physics as currently known; the postulate of the time-independence of physical laws is tied to that of the conservation of energy (Noether's theorem), so that the discovery of any variation would imply the discovery of a previously unknown law of force. [3]

  4. Wave - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wave

    In physics, mathematics, engineering, and related fields, a wave is a propagating dynamic disturbance (change from equilibrium) of one or more quantities. Periodic waves oscillate repeatedly about an equilibrium (resting) value at some frequency.

  5. Phase (waves) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase_(waves)

    Coherence (physics), the quality of a wave to display a well defined phase relationship in different regions of its domain of definition; Hilbert transform, a method of changing phase by 90° Reflection phase shift, a phase change that happens when a wave is reflected off of a boundary from fast medium to slow medium

  6. Periodic function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periodic_function

    The subject of Fourier series investigates the idea that an 'arbitrary' periodic function is a sum of trigonometric functions with matching periods. According to the definition above, some exotic functions, for example the Dirichlet function, are also periodic; in the case of Dirichlet function, any nonzero rational number is a period.

  7. Time evolution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_evolution

    Then by the definition of F, F t, s (x) is the state of the system at time t and consequently applying the definition once more, F u, t (F t, s (x)) is the state at time u. But this is also F u, s (x). In some contexts in mathematical physics, the mappings F t, s are called propagation operators or simply propagators.

  8. Periodic travelling wave - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periodic_travelling_wave

    While periodic travelling waves have been known as solutions of the wave equation since the 18th century, their study in nonlinear systems began in the 1970s. A key early research paper was that of Nancy Kopell and Lou Howard [1] which proved several fundamental results on periodic travelling waves in reaction–diffusion equations.

  9. Phase space - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase_space

    The phase space of a physical system is the set of all possible physical states of the system when described by a given parameterization. Each possible state corresponds uniquely to a point in the phase space.