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The Indo-Pacific tarpon is found from the coasts of East Africa and the Arabian Peninsula to the coastal waters of South Asia, Southeast Asia, southern Japan, French Polynesia, and southern Australia. [4] Their usual habitat is in coastal waters, estuaries and many miles upstream (from the estuaries) in freshwater rivers and lakes.
The two species of tarpon are M. atlanticus (Atlantic tarpon) and M. cyprinoides (Indo-Pacific tarpon): M. atlanticus is found on the western Atlantic coast from Virginia to Brazil, throughout the Caribbean and the coast of the Gulf of Mexico. Tarpon are also found along the eastern Atlantic coast from Senegal to South Angola. [4]
While it covers only 1.6% of the planet's oceanic area, the region has 76% of all known coral species in the world. As a habitat for 52% of Indo-Pacific reef fishes and 37% of the world's reef fishes, it contains the greatest diversity of coral reef fishes in the world [17] More than 3,000 species of bony fish are distributed over more than 90% of the Coral Triangle.
The lack of a land bridge to the Asian continent prevented most of the Asian megafauna, including elephants, rhinoceros, tapirs, tigers, leopards, and gibbons, from reaching the Philippines, although they do inhabit the adjacent Indonesian islands of Sundaland, which were formerly linked to the Asian continent by lowered sea levels.
The following is the list of critically endangered (CR) and endangered (EN) species included in the National List of Threatened Terrestrial Fauna of the Philippines as per DENR Administrative Order 2019-09. [1] The list below currently does not include fauna classified as vulnerable (VU) and other threatened species (OTS).
Area covered by the Indo-Pacific biogeographic region Indo-Pacific. The green circle covers ASEAN.. The Indo-Pacific is a vast biogeographic region of Earth.In a narrow sense, sometimes known as the Indo-West Pacific or Indo-Pacific Asia, it comprises the tropical waters of the Indian Ocean, the western and central Pacific Ocean, and the seas connecting the two.
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[6]: 10 Its range covers the Indo-Pacific, but populations are diminishing quickly and the giant clam has become extinct in many areas where it was once common. [5] The maxima clam has the largest geographical distribution among giant clam species; it may be found off high- or low-elevation islands, in lagoons or fringing reefs. [7]