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  2. Decoupage - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decoupage

    British Museum. Decoupage or découpage (/ ˌdeɪkuːˈpɑːʒ /; [1] French: [dekupaʒ]) is the art of decorating an object by gluing colored paper cutouts onto it in combination with special paint effects, gold leaf, and other decorative elements. Commonly, an object like a small box or an item of furniture is covered by cutouts from ...

  3. Turgot map of Paris - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turgot_map_of_Paris

    Turgot map of Paris. The Turgot map in its assembled form. The Turgot map of Paris (French: Plan de Turgot) is a highly accurate and detailed map of the city of Paris, France, as it existed in the 1730s. The map was commissioned by Parisian municipality chief Michel-Étienne Turgot, drawn up by surveyor Louis Bretez, and engraved by Claude Lucas.

  4. History of cartography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_cartography

    The history of cartography refers to the development and consequences of cartography, or mapmaking technology, throughout human history. Maps have been one of the most important human inventions for millennia, allowing humans to explain and navigate their way through the world. When and how the earliest maps were made is unclear, but maps of ...

  5. Cassini map - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cassini_map

    The Cassini Map or Academy's Map is the first topographic and geometric map made of the Kingdom of France as a whole. It was compiled by the Cassini family, mainly César-François Cassini (Cassini III) and his son Jean-Dominique Cassini (Cassini IV) in the 1700s. It was on a scale of one line to 100 toises, i.e. 1/86,400.

  6. Cartography of France - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cartography_of_France

    Cartography of France. The French Sanson family was a major contributor to cartographic maps from the 17th century onwards. Pictured above: Sanson and Jaillot's decorative map of the world on a double hemisphere projection from 1691. The history of French cartography can be traced to developments in the Middle Ages.

  7. History of paper - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_paper

    Papyrus. The word "paper" is etymologically derived from papyrus, Ancient Greek for the Cyperus papyrus plant. Papyrus is a thick, paper-like material produced from the pith of the Cyperus papyrus plant which was used in ancient Egypt and other Mediterranean societies for writing long before paper was used in China.

  8. Cartography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cartography

    Cartography (/ kɑːrˈtɒɡrəfi /; from Ancient Greek: χάρτηςchartēs, 'papyrus, sheet of paper, map'; and γράφεινgraphein, 'write') is the study and practice of making and using maps. Combining science, aesthetics and technique, cartography builds on the premise that reality (or an imagined reality) can be modeled in ways that ...

  9. Early world maps - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Early_world_maps

    Early world maps. The earliest known world maps date to classical antiquity, the oldest examples of the 6th to 5th centuries BCE still based on the flat Earth paradigm. World maps assuming a spherical Earth first appear in the Hellenistic period. The developments of Greek geography during this time, notably by Eratosthenes and Posidonius ...