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All group 7 elements crystallize in the hexagonal close packed (hcp) structure except manganese, which crystallizes in the body centered cubic (bcc) structure. Bohrium is also expected to crystallize in the hcp structure. [1] The table below is a summary of the key physical properties of the group 7 elements. The question-marked value is ...
Both factors are actually distinct, and both commonly depend on temperature. For example, it is commonly asserted that the reactivity of alkali metals (Na, K, etc.) increases down the group in the periodic table, or that hydrogen's reactivity is evidenced by its reaction with oxygen. In fact, the rate of reaction of alkali metals (as evidenced ...
A mnemonic is a memory aid used to improve long-term memory and make the process of consolidation easier. Many chemistry aspects, rules, names of compounds, sequences of elements, their reactivity, etc., can be easily and efficiently memorized with the help of mnemonics.
The most reactive metals, such as sodium, will react with cold water to produce hydrogen and the metal hydroxide: . 2 Na (s) + 2 H 2 O (l) →2 NaOH (aq) + H 2 (g). Metals in the middle of the reactivity series, such as iron, will react with acids such as sulfuric acid (but not water at normal temperatures) to give hydrogen and a metal salt, such as iron(II) sulfate:
Triatomic oxygen (ozone, O 3) is a very reactive allotrope of oxygen that is a pale blue gas at standard temperature and pressure. Liquid and solid O 3 have a deeper blue color than ordinary O 2, and they are unstable and explosive. [5] [6] In its gas phase, ozone is destructive to materials like rubber and fabric and is damaging to lung tissue ...
Oxygen is the most abundant element in Earth's crust, and the third-most abundant element in the universe after hydrogen and helium. At standard temperature and pressure , two oxygen atoms will bind covalently to form dioxygen , a colorless and odorless diatomic gas with the chemical formula O
Compounds containing oxygen in other oxidation states are very uncommon: − 1 ⁄ 2 (superoxides), − 1 ⁄ 3 , 0 (elemental, hypofluorous acid), + 1 ⁄ 2 , +1 (dioxygen difluoride), and +2 (oxygen difluoride). Oxygen is reactive and will form oxides with all other elements except the noble gases helium, neon, argon and krypton. [1]
[7] [8] Molecular orbital diagram of two singlet excited states as well as the triplet ground state of molecular dioxygen. From left to right, the diagrams are for: 1 Δ g singlet oxygen (first excited state), 1 Σ + g singlet oxygen (second excited state), and 3 Σ − g triplet oxygen (ground state). The lowest energy 1s molecular orbitals ...