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  2. Drain-waste-vent system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drain-waste-vent_system

    A sewer pipe is normally at neutral air pressure compared to the surrounding atmosphere.When a column of waste water flows through a pipe, it compresses air ahead of it in the system, creating a positive pressure that must be released so it does not push back on the waste stream and downstream traps, slow drainage, and induce potential clogs.

  3. Low-flow fixtures - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low-flow_fixtures

    The average leaky toilet can waste about 200 gallons of water a day, or over 6,000 gallons per month. [22] Lowest satisfaction among all low flow fixtures has been found with toilets. When these low flow fixtures first emerged manufactures generally did not make sufficient changes to the design besides reducing the amount of water used.

  4. Pit latrine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pit_latrine

    A pit latrine, also known as pit toilet, is a type of toilet that collects human waste in a hole in the ground. [2] Urine and feces enter the pit through a drop hole in the floor, which might be connected to a toilet seat or squatting pan for user comfort. [2]

  5. Low-flush toilet - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low-flush_toilet

    A low-flush toilet (or low-flow toilet or high-efficiency toilet) is a flush toilet that uses significantly less water than traditional high-flow toilets. Before the early 1990s in the United States, standard flush toilets typically required at least 3.5 gallons (13.2 litres) per flush and they used float valves that often leaked, increasing their total water use.

  6. Piping and plumbing fitting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piping_and_plumbing_fitting

    This fitting (also known as a "bungalow fitting" or a "cottage fitting") is a sanitary tee that allows two trap arms to be connected at the same level. A toilet is the main connection, with the option of a right or left-hand outlet to the 3" inlet with a choice of 1-1/2" or 2" in size.

  7. Cistern - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cistern

    A flushing trough is a type of cistern used to serve more than one WC pan at one time. These cisterns are becoming less common, however. The cistern was the genesis of the modern bidet. [citation needed] At the beginning of the flush cycle, as the water level in the toilet cistern tank drops, the flush valve flapper falls back to the bottom ...

  8. Dual flush toilet - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dual_flush_toilet

    The lack of siphoning also means that the toilet requires less water to operate. [6] Due to this, the waterline is considerably lower than that in siphon-flush toilets. The toilet has two buttons on the cistern rather than the single-flush one; one button delivers a lesser amount of water (eg. 3 litres) and the other a greater amount (eg. 6 ...

  9. Squat toilet - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squat_toilet

    There are several types of squat toilets, but they all consist essentially of a toilet pan or bowl at floor level. Such a toilet pan is also called a "squatting pan". A squat toilet may use a water seal and therefore be a flush toilet, or it can be without a water seal and therefore be a dry toilet. The term "squat" refers only to the expected ...