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Nd:YAG (neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet; Nd:Y 3 Al 5 O 12) is a crystal that is used as a lasing medium for solid-state lasers. The dopant , neodymium in the +3 oxidation state, Nd(III), typically replaces a small fraction (1%) of the yttrium ions in the host crystal structure of the yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG), since the two ions are ...
Laser rods (from left to right): Ruby, Alexandrite, Er:YAG, Nd:YAG The active laser medium (also called a gain medium or lasing medium ) is the source of optical gain within a laser . The gain results from the stimulated emission of photons through electronic or molecular transitions to a lower energy state from a higher energy state previously ...
YAG laser may refer to two types of lasers that use yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG): Nd:YAG laser (doped with neodymium) Er:YAG laser (doped with erbium
Neodymium-doped solid state lasers continue to be the laser source of choice for industrial applications. Direct pumping of the upper Nd laser level at 885-nm (rather than at the more traditional broad 808-nm band) offers the potential of improved performance through a reduction in the lasing quantum defect, thereby improving system efficiency ...
Neodymium-doped yttrium lithium fluoride (Nd:YLF) is a lasing medium for arc lamp-pumped and diode-pumped solid-state lasers. The YLF crystal (LiYF 4) is naturally birefringent, and commonly used laser transitions occur at 1047 nm and 1053 nm. [1] It is used in Q-switched systems in part due to its relatively long fluorescence lifetime.
Neodymium-doped gadolinium orthovanadate, typically abbreviated as Nd:GdVO 4, is one of the active laser medium for diode laser-pumped solid-state lasers. Several advantages over Nd:YAG crystals include a larger emission cross-section , a pump power threshold, a wider absorption bandwidth, and a polarized output.
Neodymium(III) carbonate is the carbonate of neodymium where neodymium exhibits the +3 oxidation state. It can be obtained by reacting neodymium(III) chloride with ammonium bicarbonate in water or from the hydrolysis of neodymium(III) chloroacetate: [14] 2Nd(C 2 Cl 3 O 2) 3 + 3H 2 O → Nd 2 (CO 3) 3 + 6CHCl 3 + 3CO 2 Neodymium acetate powder
Another application is the creation of selective astronomical filters to reduce the effect of light pollution from sodium and fluorescent lighting while passing other colours, especially dark red hydrogen-alpha emission from nebulae. [60] Neodymium is also used to remove the green color caused by iron contaminants from glass. [61] Nd:YAG laser rod