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In chemistry, chemical stability is the thermodynamic stability of a chemical system, in particular a chemical compound or a polymer. [1] Colloquially, it may instead refer to kinetic persistence , the shelf-life of a metastable substance or system; that is, the timescale over which it begins to degrade.
The Code contains both mandatory regulations and recommended provisions, setting out the minimum stability standards for ships. [6] This includes information on precautions against capsizing, metacentric heights (GM), righting levers (GZ), rolling criteria, Free surface effect and watertight integrity. [1]
Standards are used in analytical chemistry. Here, a primary standard is typically a reagent which can be weighed easily, and which is so pure that its weight is truly representative of the number of moles of substance contained. Features of a primary standard include: High purity; Stability (low reactivity)
The standard state of a material (pure substance, mixture or solution) is a reference point used to calculate its properties under different conditions.A degree sign (°) or a superscript Plimsoll symbol (⦵) is used to designate a thermodynamic quantity in the standard state, such as change in enthalpy (ΔH°), change in entropy (ΔS°), or change in Gibbs free energy (ΔG°).
In coordination chemistry, a stability constant (also called formation constant or binding constant) is an equilibrium constant for the formation of a complex in solution. It is a measure of the strength of the interaction between the reagents that come together to form the complex. There are two main kinds of complex: compounds formed by the ...
The thermal stability of an extended Si-Si bond in t Bu 3 SiSi t Bu 3, or superdisilane, has also been attributed to dispersion interactions. Superdisilane has a Si-Si bond length of 2.697Å in the solid state, significantly extended compared to the gas phase Si-Si bond length of 2.331Å in the parent disilane H 3 SiSiH 3 . [ 1 ]
Founded on a few general principles that govern how orbitals interact, the stereoelectronic effect, along with the steric effect, inductive effect, solvent effect, mesomeric effect, and aromaticity, is an important type of explanation for observed patterns of selectivity, reactivity, and stability in organic chemistry. In spite of the ...
An even number of protons or neutrons is more stable (higher binding energy) because of pairing effects, so even–even nuclides are much more stable than odd–odd. One effect is that there are few stable odd–odd nuclides: in fact only five are stable, with another four having half-lives longer than a billion years.