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The management of HIV/AIDS normally includes the use of multiple antiretroviral drugs as a strategy to control HIV infection. [1] There are several classes of antiretroviral agents that act on different stages of the HIV life-cycle. The use of multiple drugs that act on different viral targets is known as highly active antiretroviral therapy ...
Zidovudine (ZDV), also known as azidothymidine (AZT), was the first antiretroviral medication used to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS. It is generally recommended for use in combination with other antiretrovirals. [6] It may be used to prevent mother-to-child spread during birth or after a needlestick injury or other potential exposure. [6]
Dolutegravir (DTG), sold under the brand name Tivicay, is an antiretroviral medication used, together with other medication, to treat HIV/AIDS. [6] It may also be used, as part of post exposure prophylaxis, to prevent HIV infection following potential exposure. [7] It is taken by mouth. [6]
Lamivudine/zidovudine, sold under the brand name Combivir among others, is a fixed-dose combination antiretroviral medication used to treat HIV/AIDS. [2] It contains two antiretroviral medications, lamivudine and zidovudine. [2] It is used together with other antiretrovirals. [2] It is taken by mouth twice a day. [2] [3]
Integrase inhibitor. Integrase inhibitors (INIs) are a class of antiretroviral drug designed to block the action of integrase, a viral enzyme that inserts the viral genome into the DNA of the host cell. Since integration is a vital step in retroviral replication, blocking it can halt further spread of the virus.
Ritonavir. Ritonavir, sold under the brand name Norvir, is an antiretroviral medication used along with other medications to treat HIV/AIDS. [4][5][8] This combination treatment is known as highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). [8] Ritonavir is a protease inhibitor, though it now mainly serves to boost the potency of other protease ...
Lopinavir/ritonavir. Lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r), sold under the brand name Kaletra among others, is a fixed-dose combination antiretroviral medication for the treatment and prevention of HIV/AIDS. [4] It combines lopinavir with a low dose of ritonavir. [4] It is generally recommended for use with other antiretrovirals. [4]
Etravirine (ETR, [3]), sold under the brand name Intelence is an antiretroviral medication used for the treatment of HIV. [1] Etravirine is a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI). [1] Unlike agents in the class, resistance to other NNRTIs does not seem to confer resistance to ...
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