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The need for closure in social psychology is thought to be a fairly stable dispositional characteristic that can, nonetheless, be affected by situational factors. The Need for Closure Scale (NFCS) was developed by Arie Kruglanski, Donna Webster, and Adena Klem in 1993 and is designed to operationalize this construct and is presented as a unidimensional instrument possessing strong discriminant ...
The need for cognition (NFC), in psychology, is a personality variable reflecting the extent to which individuals are inclined towards effortful cognitive activities. [1][2] Need for cognition has been variously defined as "a need to structure relevant situations in meaningful, integrated ways" and "a need to understand and make reasonable the ...
Law of Closure. The principle of closure refers to the mind's tendency to see complete figures or forms even if a picture is incomplete, partially hidden by other objects, or if part of the information needed to make a complete picture in the minds is missing. For example, if part of a shape's border is missing people still tend to see the ...
Cognitive social structures (CSS) is the focus of research that investigates how individuals perceive their own social structure (e.g. members of an organization, friend group, hierarchy, company employees, etc.). It is part of social network research and uses social network analysis to understand how various factors affect one's cognitive ...
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Poland. Nationality. American. Occupation. Social psychologist. Known for. Work on cognitive closure. Arie W. Kruglanski (born in 1939) is a social psychologist known for his work on goal systems, regulatory mode, and cognitive closure. [1] He is currently a distinguished professor of psychology at the University of Maryland, College Park.
Murray divides needs into several binary categories: manifest (overt) or latent (covert), conscious or unconscious, and primary (viscerogenic) and secondary (psychogenic) needs. [1] Manifest needs are those that are allowed to be directly expressed, while latent needs are not outwardly acted on. [4] Conscious needs as those that a subject can ...
Cognitive closure (philosophy) In philosophy of science and philosophy of mind, cognitive closure is the proposition that human minds are constitutionally incapable of solving certain perennial philosophical problems. [1] Owen Flanagan calls this position anti-constructive naturalism or the "new mysterianism" and the primary advocate of the ...