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The SMC proteins are found across the tree of life as early as in prokaryotes and have been conserved through evolution. In particular, the coils of SMC1 and SMC3 are conserved with an amino acid divergence of less than 0.5%. [52] In bacteria, SMC-like protein MukBEF is involved in chromosome compaction [53] and segregation. [54]
If the chromosome is a submetacentric chromosome (One arm big and the other arm small) then the centromere divides each chromosome into two regions: the smaller one, which is the p region, and the bigger one, the q region. The sister chromatids will be distributed to each daughter cell at the end of the cell division.
Regions of the genome with protein-coding genes include several elements: Enhancer regions (normally up to a few thousand basepairs upstream of transcription).; Promoter regions (normally less than a couple of hundred basepairs upstream of transcription) include elements such as the TATA and CAAT boxes, GC elements, and an initiator.
M phase See mitosis. macromolecule Any very large molecule composed of dozens, hundreds, or thousands of covalently bonded atoms, especially one with biological significance. . Many important biomolecules, such as nucleic acids and proteins, are polymers consisting of a repeated series of smaller monomers; others such as lipids and carbohydrates may not be polymeric but are nevertheless large ...
1071 n/a Ensembl ENSG00000087237 n/a UniProt P11597 n/a RefSeq (mRNA) NM_000078 NM_001286085 n/a RefSeq (protein) NP_000069 NP_001273014 n/a Location (UCSC) Chr 16: 56.96 – 56.98 Mb n/a PubMed search n/a Wikidata View/Edit Human Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), also called plasma lipid transfer protein, is a plasma protein that facilitates the transport of cholesteryl esters and ...
Within chromosomes, DNA is held in complexes with structural proteins. These proteins organize the DNA into a compact structure called chromatin . In eukaryotes, this structure involves DNA binding to a complex of small basic proteins called histones , while in prokaryotes multiple types of proteins are involved.
Ubiquitin is a small (8.6 kDa) regulatory protein found in most tissues of eukaryotic organisms, i.e., it is found ubiquitously.It was discovered in 1975 [1] by Gideon Goldstein and further characterized throughout the late 1970s and 1980s. [2]
Cholesteryl oleate, a member of the cholesteryl ester family. Cholesteryl esters are a type of dietary lipid and are ester derivatives of cholesterol. The ester bond is formed between the carboxylate group of a fatty acid and the hydroxyl group of cholesterol. Cholesteryl esters have a lower solubility in water due to their increased ...