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Rotation of an object in two dimensions around a point O. Rotation in mathematics is a concept originating in geometry. Any rotation is a motion of a certain space that preserves at least one point. It can describe, for example, the motion of a rigid body around a fixed point.
Every rotation in three dimensions is defined by its axis (a vector along this axis is unchanged by the rotation), and its angle — the amount of rotation about that axis (Euler rotation theorem). There are several methods to compute the axis and angle from a rotation matrix (see also axis–angle representation ).
Through a change of coordinates (a rotation of axes and a translation of axes), equation can be put into a standard form, which is usually easier to work with. It is always possible to rotate the coordinates at a specific angle so as to eliminate the x′y′ term. Substituting equations and into equation , we obtain
In classical mechanics, Euler's rotation equations are a vectorial quasilinear first-order ordinary differential equation describing the rotation of a rigid body, using a rotating reference frame with angular velocity ω whose axes are fixed to the body. They are named in honour of Leonhard Euler. Their general vector form is
In the theory of three-dimensional rotation, Rodrigues' rotation formula, named after Olinde Rodrigues, is an efficient algorithm for rotating a vector in space, given an axis and angle of rotation. By extension, this can be used to transform all three basis vectors to compute a rotation matrix in SO(3) , the group of all rotation matrices ...
This is Rodrigues' formula for the axis of a composite rotation defined in terms of the axes of the two component rotations. He derived this formula in 1840 (see page 408). [3] The three rotation axes A, B, and C form a spherical triangle and the dihedral angles between the planes formed by the sides of this triangle are defined by the rotation ...
A rotation can be represented by a unit-length quaternion q = (w, r →) with scalar (real) part w and vector (imaginary) part r →. The rotation can be applied to a 3D vector v → via the formula = + (+). This requires only 15 multiplications and 15 additions to evaluate (or 18 multiplications and 12 additions if the factor of 2 is done via ...
A rotation represented by an Euler axis and angle. In geometry, Euler's rotation theorem states that, in three-dimensional space, any displacement of a rigid body such that a point on the rigid body remains fixed, is equivalent to a single rotation about some axis that runs through the fixed point.