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Kidney stone disease; Other names: Urolithiasis, kidney stone, renal calculus, nephrolith, kidney stone disease, [1] A kidney stone, 8 millimeters (0.3 in) in diameter: Specialty: Urology, nephrology: Symptoms: Severe pain in the lower back or abdomen, blood in the urine, vomiting, nausea [2] Causes: Genetic and environmental factors [2 ...
Ammonius, who practiced lithotomy in Alexandria circa 200 BC, coined the term lithotomy, and acquired the sobriquet Lithotomus from the instrument he developed for fragmenting stones too large to pass through a small perineal incision. [3] [4] [1] He used a small hook to keep the stone in one position, and then a blunt instrument to crush it. [1]
The renal pelvis is the location of several kinds of kidney cancer and is affected by infection in pyelonephritis. [citation needed] A large "staghorn" kidney stone may block all or part of the renal pelvis. The size of the renal pelvis plays a major role in the grading of hydronephrosis.
A calculus (pl.: calculi), often called a stone, is a concretion of material, usually mineral salts, that forms in an organ or duct of the body. Formation of calculi is known as lithiasis ( / ˌ l ɪ ˈ θ aɪ ə s ɪ s / ).
Angiomyolipoma seen as a hyperechoic mass in the upper pole of an adult kidney on renal ultrasonography. Renal ultrasonography of a person with tuberous sclerosis and multiple angiomyolipomas in the kidney: Measurement of kidney length on the US image is illustrated by '+' and a dashed line. CT scan of a renal angiomyolipoma.
Only 23% of people in the survey of 1001 Scottish adults were aware of the fact those who receive a kidney from a living kidney donor have a better longer-term outcome than if they receive from a ...
A giant ureteral stone with dimensions of approximately 6 × 5 × 4 cm and weighing 61 grams extracted from the left ureter of a 19-year-old male. A kidney stone can move from the kidney and become lodged inside the ureter, which can block the flow of urine, as well as cause a sharp cramp in the back, side, or lower abdomen. [9]
A Danish study measured the median renal length to be 11.2 cm (4 + 7 ⁄ 16 in) on the left side and 10.9 cm (4 + 5 ⁄ 16 in) on the right side in adults. Median renal volumes were 146 cm 3 (8 + 15 ⁄ 16 cu in) on the left and 134 cm 3 (8 + 3 ⁄ 16 cu in) on the right. [17]