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They range from those of water at very low concentrations approaching 0% HCl to values for fuming hydrochloric acid at over 40% HCl. [ 31 ] [ 32 ] [ 33 ] Hydrochloric acid as the binary (two-component) mixture of HCl and H 2 O has a constant-boiling azeotrope at 20.2% HCl and 108.6 °C (381.8 K; 227.5 °F).
At room temperature, it is a colorless gas, which forms white fumes of hydrochloric acid upon contact with atmospheric water vapor. Hydrogen chloride gas and hydrochloric acid are important in technology and industry. Hydrochloric acid, the aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride, is also commonly given the formula HCl.
1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC, EDAC or EDCI) is a water-soluble carbodiimide usually handled as the hydrochloride. [1] It is typically employed in the 4.0-6.0 pH range. It is generally used as a carboxyl activating agent for the coupling of primary amines to yield amide bonds.
At 15.6 °C (60.1 °F), the density of a saturated solution is 0.88 g/ml; it contains 35.6% ammonia by mass, 308 grams of ammonia per litre of solution, and has a molarity of approximately 18 mol/L. At higher temperatures, the molarity of the saturated solution decreases and the density increases. [ 8 ]
Then an excess but fixed volume of sulfanilamide and N-(1-naphthyl)ethylenediamine dihydrochloride solution is added. With nitrous acid as the limiting reagent, the azo coupling reaction produces an azo dye quantitatively with respect to the nitrite ions: The diazo compound formed accounts for the red coloration typical for a positive result.
and then, acting as a weak acid, hydrogen phthalate reacts reversibly with water to give hydronium (H 3 O +) and phthalate ions. HP − + H 2 O ⇌ P 2− + H 3 O + KHP can be used as a buffering agent in combination with hydrochloric acid (HCl) or sodium hydroxide (NaOH). The buffering region is dependent upon the pKa, and is typically +/- 1.0 ...
In an aqueous solution the hydrogen ions (H +) and hydroxide ions (OH −) are in Arrhenius balance ([H +] [OH −] = K w = 1 x 10 −14 at 298 K). Acids and bases are aqueous solutions, as part of their Arrhenius definitions. [1] An example of an Arrhenius acid is hydrogen chloride (HCl) because of its dissociation of the hydrogen ion when ...
In chemistry, a hydrochloride is an acid salt resulting, or regarded as resulting, from the reaction of hydrochloric acid with an organic base (e.g. an amine). An alternative name is chlorhydrate, which comes from French. An archaic alternative name is muriate, derived from hydrochloric acid's ancient name: muriatic acid.