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The name comes from the Greek for "naked seed"; the egg cells are not protected by ovaries, as in flowering plants. [4] Gymnosperms are divided into 12 families of trees, shrubs and woody vines. [5] Sequoiadendron giganteum, the giant redwood, is the largest tree in the world, and Sequoia sempervirens, the coastal redwood, is the tallest. [6]
Encephalartos sclavoi cone, about 30 cm long. Over 1,000 living species of gymnosperm exist. [2] It was previously widely accepted that the gymnosperms originated in the Late Carboniferous period, replacing the lycopsid rainforests of the tropical region, but more recent phylogenetic evidence indicates that they diverged from the ancestors of angiosperms during the Early Carboniferous.
Gnetophyta (/ n ɛ ˈ t ɒ f ɪ t ə, ˈ n ɛ t oʊ f aɪ t ə /) is a division of plants (alternatively considered the subclass Gnetidae or order Gnetales), grouped within the gymnosperms (which also includes conifers, cycads, and ginkgos), that consists of some 70 species across the three relict genera: Gnetum (family Gnetaceae), Welwitschia (family Welwitschiaceae), and Ephedra (family ...
Scientific name Common name Family FIA Code (US) Conservation status Conifers; Araucariaceae: monkey-puzzle family; Agathis: kauri ; Agathis australis: kauri; New Zealand kauri Araucariaceae (monkey-puzzle family) Agathis lanceolata: red kauri Araucariaceae (monkey-puzzle family) Agathis robusta: Queensland kauri; smooth bark kauri; Dundathu pine
Apical growth totaling about 340 m, 370 m, 420 m, 450 m, 500 m, 600 m, and 600 m was made by the tree in the years 1955 through 1961, respectively. The total number of needles of all ages present on the 36-year-old tree in 1961 was 5.25 million weighing 14.25 kg. In 1961, needles as old as 13 years remained on the tree.
Gnetum is a genus of gymnosperms, the sole genus in the family Gnetaceae within the Gnetophyta. They are tropical evergreen trees , shrubs and lianas . Unlike other gymnosperms, they possess vessel elements in the xylem .
Ephedra is a genus of gymnosperm shrubs.The various species of Ephedra are widespread in many arid regions of the world, ranging across southwestern North America, southern Europe, northern Africa, southwest and central Asia, northern China and western South America. [2]
"Palm Trees, Small Palms, Cycads, Bromeliads and tropical plants". Archived from the original on 20 May 2014. Site with thousands of large, high quality photos of cycads and associated flora. Includes information on habitat and cultivation. (Site is dead.) "The Cycad Pages". Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney. Archived from the original on 29 March 2021.