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Cirrhosis, also known as liver cirrhosis or hepatic cirrhosis, chronic liver failure or chronic hepatic failure and end-stage liver disease, is an acute condition of the liver in which the normal functioning tissue, or parenchyma, is replaced with scar tissue and regenerative nodules as a result of chronic liver disease.
Liver failure is the inability of the liver to perform its normal synthetic and metabolic functions as part of normal physiology. Two forms are recognised, acute and chronic (cirrhosis). [ 1 ] Recently, a third form of liver failure known as acute-on-chronic liver failure ( ACLF ) is increasingly being recognized.
dark red wedge shaped areas on kidney section resembling infarcts Brissaud's reflex: Édouard Brissaud: neurology: pyramidal tract lesions: plantar stimulation elicits contraction of tensor fasciae latae Broadbent inverted sign: Sir William Broadbent, 1st Baronet: cardiology: L atrial hypertrophy: systole palpable in posterior chest wall ...
[1] [2] Patients observe these symptoms and seek medical advice from healthcare professionals. Because most people are not diagnostically trained or knowledgeable, they typically describe their symptoms in layman's terms, rather than using specific medical terminology. This list is not exhaustive.
Liver diseases, including conditions such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), alcohol-related liver disease (ALD), and viral hepatitis, are significant public health concerns worldwide. In the United States, NAFLD is the most common chronic liver condition, affecting approximately 24% of the population, with the prevalence rising due ...
Liver transplantation remains the only definitive therapy. Today, survival after liver transplantation is similar for people with ALD and non-ALD. The requirements for transplant listing are the same as those for other types of liver disease, except for a 6-month sobriety prerequisite along with psychiatric evaluation and rehabilitation assistance.
[17] [18] Fever, when present, is most common in cases of hepatitis A and E. [17] Late in this phase, people can experience liver-specific symptoms, including choluria (dark urine) and clay-colored stools. [17] [18] Yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes follow the prodrome after about 1–2 weeks and can last for up to 4 weeks.
Abdominal ultrasonography of the liver, as a sagittal plane through the midclavicular line, with some standard measurements [2] Right lobe of the liver at the midclavicular line at ages 0 to 7 [16] Suspicion of hepatomegaly indicates a thorough medical history and physical examination, wherein the latter typically includes an increased liver span.