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  2. Topographic map - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topographic_map

    1913 saw the beginning of the International Map of the World initiative, which set out to map all of Earth's significant land areas at a scale of 1:1 million, on about one thousand sheets, each covering four degrees latitude by six or more degrees longitude. Excluding borders, each sheet was 44 cm high and (depending on latitude) up to 66 cm wide.

  3. Wikipedia : WikiProject Geographical coordinates

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject...

    Obtaining geographic coordinates, listing various ways on how to obtain geographic coordinates for use in an article. Version_1.0_Editorial_Team/WPPlaces, Version 1.0 Editorial Team contact results with WikiProject Geographical coordinates; WikiProject Maps/Source materials, list of free maps for use in creating geographical maps for Wikipedia ...

  4. United States National Grid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_National_Grid

    As such, they are often better served by a local Cartesian coordinate system, in which the coordinates represent actual distance units on the ground, using the same units of measurement from two perpendicular coordinate axes. [1] [2] [3] This can improve human comprehension by providing reference of scale, as well as making actual distance ...

  5. Geographical distance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographical_distance

    Geographical distance or geodetic distance is the distance measured along the surface of the Earth, or the shortest arch length. The formulae in this article calculate distances between points which are defined by geographical coordinates in terms of latitude and longitude. This distance is an element in solving the second (inverse) geodetic ...

  6. ISO 6709 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_6709

    ISO 6709, Standard representation of geographic point location by coordinates, is the international standard for representation of latitude, longitude and altitude for geographic point locations. The first edition ( ISO 6709:1983 ) was developed by ISO/IEC JTC 1 /SC 32.

  7. Global Area Reference System - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Area_Reference_System

    The quadrants are numbered sequentially, from west to east, starting with the northernmost band. Specifically, the northwest quadrant is “1”; the northeast quadrant is “2”; the southwest quadrant is “3”; the southeast quadrant is “4”. Each quadrant is identified by a six-character designation.

  8. Swiss coordinate system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swiss_coordinate_system

    The Swiss coordinate system (or Swiss grid) is a geographic coordinate system used in Switzerland and Liechtenstein for maps and surveying by the Swiss Federal Office of Topography . A first coordinate system was introduced in 1903 under the name LV03 ( Landesvermessung 1903 , German for “land survey 1903”), based on the Mercator projection ...

  9. Geopositioning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geopositioning

    Geographic positions may also be expressed indirectly, as a distance in linear referencing or as a bearing and range from a known landmark. In turn, positions can determine a meaningful location, such as a street address. Geoposition is sometimes referred to as geolocation, and the process of geopositioning may also be described as geo ...