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An Elusive Unity: Urban Democracy and Machine Politics in Industrializing America (Cornell UP, 2010), Cornwell Jr, Elmer E. "Bosses, machines, and ethnic groups." The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 353.1 (1964): 27–39. online; Dorsett, Lyle W. "Kansas City Politics: A Study of Boss Pendergast's Machine."
In this 1889 Udo Keppler cartoon from Puck, all of New York City politics revolves around boss Richard Croker.. In the politics of representative democracies, a political machine is a party organization that recruits its members by the use of tangible incentives (such as money or political jobs) and that is characterized by a high degree of leadership control over member activity.
Tammany Hall, also known as the Society of St. Tammany, the Sons of St. Tammany, or the Columbian Order, was an American political organization founded in 1786 and incorporated on May 12, 1789, as the Tammany Society.
City Trenches: Urban Politics and the Patterning of Class in the United States. Pantheon Books. Bruce M. Stave; et al. (1988), "A Reassessment of the Urban Political Boss: An Exchange of Views", The History Teacher, 21 (3), Society for History Education: 293– 312, doi:10.2307/492997, JSTOR 492997
In many urban areas, ward heelers also serve as precinct captains. The term originated during the period of machine politics around the turn of the 20th century, when powerful political machines in major cities run by political bosses , such as the Tammany Hall organization in New York City , used corruption , such as graft and patronage to ...
The political machine around McCarthy has spent millions of dollars this year in a sometimes secretive effort to systematically weed out GOP candidates who could either cause McCarthy trouble if ...
The goo-goos, or good government guys, were political groups working in the early 20th century to reform urban municipal governments in the United States that were dominated by graft and corruption. Goo-goos supported candidates who would fight for political reform. The term was first used in the 1890s by their detractors.
[5] [6] He was a cynically honest practitioner of what today is generally known as "machine politics," patronage-based and frank in its exercise of power for personal gain. [7] In one of his speeches, quoted in Plunkitt of Tammany Hall, he describes the difference between dishonest and honest graft. For dishonest graft, one works solely for one ...