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Function: Amylase is an enzyme that is responsible for the breaking of the bonds in starches, polysaccharides, and complex carbohydrates to be turned into simple sugars that will be easier to absorb. Clinical Significance: Amylase also has medical history in the use of Pancreatic Enzyme Replacement Therapy (PERT). One of the components is ...
Some examples of this include producing the mRNA that encode enzymes to adapt to a change in a food source, producing the gene products involved in cell cycle specific activities, and producing the gene products responsible for cellular differentiation in multicellular eukaryotes, as studied in evolutionary developmental biology.
In molecular biology, phosphotransferases are proteins in the transferase family of enzymes (EC number 2.7) that catalyze certain chemical reactions. The general form of the phosphorylation reactions they catalyze is:
Eukaryotic Transcription. Eukaryotic transcription is the elaborate process that eukaryotic cells use to copy genetic information stored in DNA into units of transportable complementary RNA replica. [1] Gene transcription occurs in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. Unlike prokaryotic RNA polymerase that initiates the transcription of all ...
The enzyme RNA polymerase II attaches to the template DNA strand and catalyzes the addition of ribonucleotides to the 3' end of the growing sequence of the mRNA transcript. [ 9 ] In order to initiate its function, RNA polymerase II needs to recognize a promoter sequence , located upstream (5') of the gene.
It is a bifunctional zinc enzyme (EC 3.3.2.6) with different amino acids attached to it to aid in the catalysis of the reaction. It also acts as an aminopeptidase . Leukotriene-A4 hydrolase is a cytosolic protein and is found in almost all mammalian cells, tissues and organelles that have been examined.
This gene encodes a DNA topoisomerase, an enzyme that controls and alters the topologic states of DNA during transcription.This nuclear enzyme is involved in processes such as chromosome condensation, chromatid separation, and the relief of torsional stress that occurs during DNA transcription and replication.
Zinc fingers help read DNA sequences.. Zinc is an essential trace element for humans [1] [2] [3] and other animals, [4] for plants [5] and for microorganisms. [6] Zinc is required for the function of over 300 enzymes and 1000 transcription factors, [3] and is stored and transferred in metallothioneins.