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Thiamine deficiency is a medical condition of low levels of thiamine (vitamin B 1). [1] A severe and chronic form is known as beriberi. [1] [7] The name beriberi was possibly borrowed in the 18th century from the Sinhalese phrase බැරි බැරි (bæri bæri, “I cannot, I cannot”), owing to the weakness caused by the condition.
Thiamine is one of the B vitamins and is also known as vitamin B 1. [1] [11] [12] It is a cation that is usually supplied as a chloride salt. [3]It is soluble in water, methanol and glycerol, but practically insoluble in less polar organic solvents.
Severe deficiency causes beriberi, which became prevalent in Asia as more people adopted a diet primarily of white rice. Wernicke encephalopathy and Korsakoff syndrome are forms of beriberi. Alcoholism can also cause vitamin deficiencies. Long-term deficiencies can be life-threatening. [20] Riboflavin (Vitamin B 2) deficiency
A serious deficiency in this vital nutrient can cause beriberi, which has the immediate symptom of severe lethargy. If left untreated, Beriberi can cause inflammation of the nervous system and even heart failure. Heart failure associated with beriberi is especially prominent in Johannesburg, the capital of South Africa. [17]
Transketolase activity decreases due to thiamine deficiency, generally due to malnutrition. Several diseases are associated with thiamine deficiency, including beriberi , biotin-thiamine-responsive basal ganglia disease (BTBGD) , [ 5 ] Wernicke–Korsakoff syndrome , and others (see thiamine for a comprehensive listing).
Print/export Download as PDF; ... meaning "my son" or "my corn". ... a set of symptoms caused by a nutritional deficit in vitamin B1;
Vitamin B 1 analogues are analogues of vitamin B 1, thiamine. They typically have improved bioavailability relative to thiamine itself, and are used to treat conditions caused by vitamin B 1 deficiency. These conditions include beriberi, Korsakoff's syndrome, Wernicke's encephalopathy and diabetic neuropathy.
Gerrit Grijns (May 28, 1865 – November 11, 1944), was a Dutch researcher and co-discoverer of vitamin B1 as the successor to the later Nobel Prize winner Christiaan Eijkman. It was Eijkman who in the former Dutch East Indies was the first to associate the deficiency disease beriberi with the lack of the outer membrane in machine-peeled rice .