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"Today I think we should describe the Melancholy as neurotic. I mean, the Melancholy man of the Middle Ages." [26] Finally, there is the Phlegmatic, which Lewis considered to be the worst of the four. "The phlegmatic boy or girl, fat, pale, sluggish, dull, is the despair of parents and teachers; by others, either made a butt or simply unnoticed ...
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He was a vegetarian, and was reportedly the first animal "liberationist", buying animals from the market in order to set them free. [ 3 ] [ 5 ] Against these ideas, Aristotle (384–322 BCE) argued that non-human animals had no interests of their own, ranking far below humans in the Great Chain of Being , or scala naturae , because of their ...
The History of Animals contains many accurate eye-witness observations, in particular of the marine biology around the island of Lesbos, such as that the octopus had colour-changing abilities and a sperm-transferring tentacle, that the young of a dogfish grow inside their mother's body, or that the male of a river catfish guards the eggs after ...
In part one of Eternal Treblinka, Patterson opens chapter one by quoting Sigmund Freud.“In the course of his development towards culture man acquired a dominating position over his fellow-creatures in the animal kingdom.” [1] This quote sets the stage for the first chapter which expresses the relationship between humans and animals.
Philosophers and animal rights advocates state that speciesism plays a role in the animal–industrial complex, [13] [14] including in the practice of factory farming, animal slaughter, blood sports (such as bullfighting, cockfighting and rodeos), the taking of animals' fur and skin, and experimentation on animals, [15] [16] [17] as well as the ...
Wilkins, a 17th-century philosopher, had proposed a universal language based on a classification system that would encode a description of the thing a word describes into the word itself—for example, Zi identifies the genus beasts; Zit denotes the "difference" rapacious beasts of the dog kind; and finally Zitα specifies dog.
What follows is mainly the history of animal rights (or more broadly, animal protection) in the Western world. There is a rich history of animal protection in the ancient texts, lives, and stories of Eastern, African, and Indigenous peoples. Aristotle placed human beings at the top of nature's scale of being.