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The spectral series of hydrogen, on a logarithmic scale. The emission spectrum of atomic hydrogen has been divided into a number of spectral series, with wavelengths given by the Rydberg formula. These observed spectral lines are due to the electron making transitions between two energy levels in an atom.
In chemistry, pH (/ p iː ˈ eɪ tʃ / pee-AYCH), also referred to as acidity or basicity, historically denotes "potential of hydrogen" (or "power of hydrogen"). [1] It is a logarithmic scale used to specify the acidity or basicity of aqueous solutions.
A base-10 log scale is used for the Y-axis of the bottom left graph, and the Y-axis ranges from 0.1 to 1000. The top right graph uses a log-10 scale for just the X-axis, and the bottom right graph uses a log-10 scale for both the X axis and the Y-axis. Presentation of data on a logarithmic scale can be helpful when the data:
Example Bjerrum plot: Change in carbonate system of seawater from ocean acidification.. A Bjerrum plot (named after Niels Bjerrum), sometimes also known as a Sillén diagram (after Lars Gunnar Sillén), or a Hägg diagram (after Gunnar Hägg) [1] is a graph of the concentrations of the different species of a polyprotic acid in a solution, as a function of pH, [2] when the solution is at ...
The concentration of hydrogen ions and pH are inversely proportional; in an aqueous solution, an increased concentration of hydrogen ions yields a low pH, and subsequently, an acidic product. By definition, an acid is an ion or molecule that can donate a proton, and when introduced to a solution it will react with water molecules (H 2 O) to ...
Ragone plot showing specific energy versus specific power for various energy-storing devices. A Ragone plot (/ r ə ˈ ɡ oʊ n iː / rə-GOH-nee) [1] is a plot used for comparing the energy density of various energy-storing devices.
As a simple example, imagine a gas of monatomic hydrogen atoms, set = and let = 13.6 eV = 158 000 K, the ionization energy of hydrogen from its ground state. Let n {\displaystyle n} = 2.69 × 10 25 m −3 , which is the Loschmidt constant , or particle density of Earth's atmosphere at standard pressure and temperature.
The amount of mass that can be lifted by hydrogen in air per unit volume at sea level, equal to the density difference between hydrogen and air, is: (1.292 - 0.090) kg/m 3 = 1.202 kg/m 3. and the buoyant force for one m 3 of hydrogen in air at sea level is: 1 m 3 × 1.202 kg/m 3 × 9.8 N/kg= 11.8 N