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A motor requiring a DC power supply for operation is termed a DC motor. DC motors are widely used in control applications like robotics, tape drives, machines and many more. Separately excited DC motors are suitable for control applications because of separate field and armature circuit. [1] Two ways to control DC separately excited motors are ...
A DC motor is an electrical motor that uses direct current (DC) to produce mechanical force. The most common types rely on magnetic forces produced by currents in the coils. Nearly all types of DC motors have some internal mechanism, either electromechanical or electronic, to periodically change the direction of current in part of the motor.
In the armature, an electromotive force is created by the relative motion of the armature and the field. When the machine or motor is used as a motor, this EMF opposes the armature current, and the armature converts electrical power to mechanical power in the form of torque, and transfers it via the shaft. When the machine is used as a ...
A DC motor's speed and torque characteristics vary according to three different magnetization sources, separately excited field, self-excited field or permanent-field, which are used selectively to control the motor over the mechanical load's range. Self-excited field motors can be series, shunt, or a compound wound connected to the armature.
The field coils can be mounted on either the rotor or the stator, depending on whichever method is the most cost-effective for the device design. In a brushed DC motor the field is static but the armature current must be commutated, so as to continually rotate
The commutator collects all the terminations of the armature coils and distributes them in a circular pattern to allow the correct sequence of current flow. When the armature and the field windings are connected in series, the whole motor is referred to as "series-wound". A series-wound DC motor has a low resistance field and armature circuit.
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In synchronous machines, the V curve (also spelled as V-curve) is the graph showing the relation of armature current as a function of field current in synchronous motors keeping the load constant. The name comes from an observation made by W. M. Mordey in 1893 that the curve resembles a letter V. [ 1 ]