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The Whitbread Engine of 1785. The sun and planet gear is a method of converting reciprocating motion to rotary motion and was used in the first rotative beam engines.. It was invented by the Scottish engineer William Murdoch, an employee of Boulton and Watt, but was patented by James Watt in October 1781.
Ray-traced image of a piston engine. There may be one or more pistons. Each piston is inside a cylinder, into which a gas is introduced, either already under pressure (e.g. steam engine), or heated inside the cylinder either by ignition of a fuel air mixture (internal combustion engine) or by contact with a hot heat exchanger in the cylinder (Stirling engine).
[citation needed] [1] For example, inside an internal combustion engine (a type of reciprocating engine), the expansion of burning fuel in the cylinders periodically pushes the piston down, which, through the connecting rod, turns the crankshaft. The continuing rotation of the crankshaft drives the piston back up, ready for the next cycle.
A turbo-compound engine is a reciprocating engine that employs a turbine to recover energy from the exhaust gases. Instead of using that energy to drive a turbocharger as found in many high-power aircraft engines , the energy is instead sent to the output shaft to increase the total power delivered by the engine.
Steam powers two types of engine, reciprocating (with steam driving pistons connected to a crankshaft) and turbine (with steam driving blades attached radially to a spinning shaft). The shaft power from each can either go directly to the propeller, pump jet or other mechanism, or it goes through some form of transmission; mechanical, electrical ...
The higher cost of turbines and the associated gears or generator/motor sets is offset by lower maintenance requirements and the smaller size of a turbine in comparison with a reciprocating engine of equal power, although the fuel costs are higher than those of a diesel engine because steam turbines have lower thermal efficiency. To reduce fuel ...
A gas turbine or gas turbine engine is a type of continuous flow internal combustion engine. [1] The main parts common to all gas turbine engines form the power-producing part (known as the gas generator or core) and are, in the direction of flow: a rotating gas compressor; a combustor; a compressor-driving turbine.
While a turbine transfers energy from a fluid to a rotor, a compressor transfers energy from a rotor to a fluid. [1] [2] It is an important application of fluid mechanics. [3] These two types of machines are governed by the same basic relationships including Newton's second Law of Motion and Euler's pump and turbine equation for compressible ...