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In chemistry, a reaction intermediate, or intermediate, is a molecular entity arising within the sequence of a stepwise chemical reaction. It is formed as the reaction product of an elementary step, from the reactants and/or preceding intermediates, but is consumed in a later step. It does not appear in the chemical equation for the overall ...
Reactive intermediates have several features in common: low concentration with respect to reaction substrate and final reaction product; with the exception of carbanions, these intermediates do not obey the lewis octet rule, hence the high reactivity; often generated on chemical decomposition of a chemical compound
In chemistry, a reaction mechanism is the step by step sequence of elementary reactions by which overall chemical reaction occurs. [ 1 ] A chemical mechanism is a theoretical conjecture that tries to describe in detail what takes place at each stage of an overall chemical reaction.
A Meisenheimer complex or Jackson–Meisenheimer complex in organic chemistry is a 1:1 reaction adduct between an arene carrying electron withdrawing groups and a nucleophile. These complexes are found as reactive intermediates in nucleophilic aromatic substitution but stable and isolated Meisenheimer salts are also known. [1] [2] [3]
Hydrazones are intermediates in the Wolff–Kishner reduction. Hydrazones are reactants in hydrazone iodination , the Shapiro reaction , and the Bamford–Stevens reaction to vinyl compounds. Hydrazones can also be synthesized by the Japp–Klingemann reaction via β-keto acids or β-keto-esters and aryl diazonium salts.
In chemistry, a concerted reaction is a chemical reaction in which all bond breaking and bond making occurs in a single step. Reactive intermediates or other unstable high energy intermediates are not involved. [1] [2] Concerted reaction rates tend not to depend on solvent polarity ruling out large buildup of charge in the transition state.
In chemistry, the Sabatier principle is a qualitative concept in heterogeneous catalysis named after the French chemist Paul Sabatier. It states that the interactions between the catalyst and the reactants should be "just right"; that is, neither too strong nor too weak. If the interaction is too weak, the molecule will fail to bind to the ...
Dichlorocarbene is an intermediate in the carbylamine reaction. In this conversion, a dichloromethane solution of a primary amine is treated with chloroform and aqueous sodium hydroxide in the presence of catalytic amount of the phase-transfer catalyst. Illustrative is the synthesis of tert-butyl isocyanide: [7]