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Dever went as far as to dismiss Finkelstein's theory as "a product of his fantasy, stemmed by his obsession to prove that Saul, David and Solomon were not real kings and that the United Monarchy is an invention of a Judahite-biased biblical writer." Dever concluded by stating that "Finkelstein has not discovered a forgotten kingdom.
David King of the United Monarchy: r. 1010–970 BCE: Maacah: Naamah: Solomon King of the United Monarchy: r. 970–931 BCE: Absalom: Jeroboam King of Israel: r. 931–910 BCE: Rehoboam King of Judah: r. 931–913 BCE: Uriel: Nadab King of Israel: r. 910–909 BCE: Baasha King of Israel: r. 909–886 BCE: Maacah Queen Mother of Judah: r. 910 ...
In the north, Saul's son Ish-Bosheth is anointed king of Israel, and war ensues until Ish-Bosheth is murdered. [53] With the death of Saul's son, the elders of Israel come to Hebron and David is anointed king over all of Israel. [54] He conquers Jerusalem, previously a Jebusite stronghold, and makes it his capital. [55]
Saul (/ s ɔː l /; Hebrew: שָׁאוּל , Šāʾūl; Greek: Σαούλ, Saoúl; transl. "asked/prayed for") was a monarch of ancient Israel and Judah and, according to the Hebrew Bible and Old Testament, the first king of the United Monarchy, a polity of uncertain historicity.
According to the biblical narrative, David of the Tribe of Judah engaged in a protracted conflict with Ish-bosheth of the Tribe of Benjamin after the latter succeeded his father Saul to become the second king of an amalgamated Israel and Judah. Amidst this struggle, God had sent his prophet Samuel to anoint David as the true king of the Israelites.
Solomon (/ ˈ s ɒ l ə m ə n /), [a] also called Jedidiah, [b] was the fourth monarch of the Kingdom of Israel and Judah, according to the Hebrew Bible. [4] [5] The successor of his father David, he is described as having been the penultimate ruler of all Twelve Tribes of Israel under an amalgamated Israel and Judah.
David was a son-in-law of Saul, having married Saul's daughter Michal. In case all of Saul's children perished, David had a chance to claim Saul's inheritance through his marriage to Michal. This can be seen to improve his claim to power through an advantageous marriage. The Chronicler does not mention David's marriage to Michal.
According to the biblical account, the United Kingdom of Israel was founded by Saul during the late-11th century BCE, and reached its peak during the rule of David and Solomon. After the death of Solomon circa 930 BCE, the Israelites gathered in Shechem for the coronation of Solomon's son and successor, Rehoboam.