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Collective security is arrangement between states in which in the institution accepts that an attack on one state is the concern of all and merits a collective response to threats by all. [1] Collective security was a key principle underpinning the League of Nations and the United Nations. [ 1 ]
[1] [2] [3] The collective mental state forms the basis for individual reflection, juxtaposed with the collective state, that leads to realizations about emotions, states of being, and individuality. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] The collective mental state is made of conscious minds and may therefore be a more complex version of something like a stampede ...
Collective responsibility or collective guilt, is the responsibility of organizations, groups and societies. [1] [2] Collective responsibility in the form of collective punishment is often used as a disciplinary measure in closed institutions, e.g., boarding schools (punishing a whole class for the actions of one known or unknown pupil), military units, prisons (juvenile and adult ...
Collective consciousness, collective conscience, or collective conscious (French: conscience collective) is the set of shared beliefs, ideas, and moral attitudes which operate as a unifying force within society. [1] In general, it does not refer to the specifically moral conscience, but to a shared understanding of social norms. [2]
Collective IQ is a measure of collective intelligence, although it is often used interchangeably with the term collective intelligence. Collective intelligence has also been attributed to bacteria and animals. [2] It can be understood as an emergent property from the synergies among: data-information-knowledge; software-hardware
The term collective action problem describes the situation in which multiple individuals would all benefit from a certain action, but has an associated cost making it implausible that any individual can or will undertake and solve it alone. The ideal solution is then to undertake this as a collective action, the cost of which is shared.
Herd behavior in human societies has also been studied by Sigmund Freud and Wilfred Trotter, whose book Instincts of the Herd in Peace and War is a classic in the field of social psychology. Sociologist and economist Thorstein Veblen 's The Theory of the Leisure Class illustrates how individuals imitate other group members of higher social ...
In the first definitive book on defence mechanisms, The Ego and the Mechanisms of Defence (1936), [7] Anna Freud enumerated the ten defence mechanisms that appear in the works of her father, Sigmund Freud: repression, regression, reaction formation, isolation, undoing, projection, introjection, turning against one's own person, reversal into the opposite, and sublimation or displacement.