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Relaxin is a protein hormone of about 6000 Da, [1] first described in 1926 by Frederick Hisaw. [2] [3]The relaxin family peptide hormones belong to the insulin superfamily and consists of seven peptides of high structural but low sequence similarity; relaxin-1 (RLN1), 2 (RLN2) and 3 (), and the insulin-like (INSL) peptides, INSL3, INSL4, INSL5 and INSL6.
All seven relaxin family peptide hormones are synthesized as pre-prohormones, and subsequently cleaved to form two chains stabilized by an intra-α-chain and two disulfide bonds. [5] Members of the human relaxin peptide family share a similar tertiary structure, composed of a β-chain, c-chain, and α-chain at their carboxyl-terminal.
Relaxin causes vasodilation by an indirect mechanism, where it inhibits the potent vasoconstrictors angiotensin II and endothelin. [9] In addition to vasodilation, the effects of relaxin are also seen in the kidneys, by significantly increasing creatinine clearance, [ 10 ] which is a measure of kidney function, as well as increased renal blood ...
The cognate receptor for relaxin-3 is the G-protein coupled receptor RXFP3 (relaxin family peptide 3 receptor), however relaxin-3 is pharmacologically able to also cross react with RXFP1 and RXFP3 (although the physiological relevance of such interactions, if they exist endogenously, are currently unknown).
339403 242093 Ensembl ENSG00000173080 ENSMUSG00000049741 UniProt Q8TDU9 Q7TQP4 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_181885 NM_181817 RefSeq (protein) NP_871001 NP_861538 Location (UCSC) Chr 1: 155.94 – 155.94 Mb Chr 3: 88.56 – 88.56 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Relaxin/insulin-like family peptide receptor 4, also known as RXFP4, is a human G-protein coupled receptor. Function ...
The relaxin receptors are a subclass of four closely related G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) that bind relaxin peptide hormones. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Below is list of human relaxin receptors, their endogenous peptide hormones, and what downstream enzymes are activated or inhibited by the receptor.
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The following is a list of hormones found in Homo sapiens.Spelling is not uniform for many hormones. For example, current North American and international usage uses [citation needed] estrogen and gonadotropin, while British usage retains the Greek digraph in oestrogen and favours the earlier spelling gonadotrophin.