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Blood test results are advised to always be interpreted using the reference range provided by the laboratory that performed the test. The SI units are μmol/L. [48] Typical ranges for adults are: [49] 0–0.3 mg/dl – Direct (conjugated) bilirubin level; 0.1–1.2 mg/dl – Total serum bilirubin level
When total bilirubin levels exceed 40 μmol/L, bilirubin deposition at the sclera, skin, and mucous membranes will give these areas a yellow colour, thus it is called jaundice. [6] The increase in predominantly unconjugated bilirubin is due to overproduction, reduced hepatic uptake of the unconjugated bilirubin and reduced conjugation of bilirubin.
It happens if conjugated bilirubin is present. In an indirect positive test, the patient's serum is first treated with alcohol and later mixed with diazo reagent. This causes development of a red colour. It is seen if unconjugated bilirubin is present. If both conjugated and unconjugated bilirubin are present the reaction is termed a biphasic ...
Serum tests evaluate plasma bilirubin, haemolysis and liver function and are essential for definitive diagnosis. When total serum bilirubin exceeds 2.5 mg/dL and unconjugated bilirubin occupies >85% of total amount, it is classified as unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia. [6]
The FibroTest score is calculated from the results of a six-parameter blood test, combining six serum markers with the age and gender of the patient: Alpha-2-macroglobulin, Haptoglobin, Apolipoprotein A1, Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), Total bilirubin, and Alanine transaminase (ALT). ALT is used in a second assessment called ActiTest that ...
The evaluation for these will include blood work and a variety of diagnostic tests. Prolonged neonatal jaundice is serious and should be followed up promptly. [11] Severe neonatal jaundice may indicate the presence of other conditions contributing to the elevated bilirubin levels, of which there are a large variety of possibilities (see below).
Results from the urine test should be confirmed by a complete blood count (CBC) and serum testing for total serum bilirubin and fractionated bilirubin. [32] Increased reticulocytes and the presence of schistocytes in the blood smear of the patient observed during CBC indicates hemolysis . [ 28 ]
The bilirubin-UGT enzyme performs a chemical reaction called glucuronidation. Glucuronic acid is transferred to unconjugated bilirubin, which is a yellowish pigment made when your body breaks down old red blood cells, [35] and then being converted to conjugated bilirubin during the reaction. Conjugated bilirubin passes from the liver into the ...