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Monetary unit principle: assumes a stable currency is going to be the unit of record. The FASB accepts the nominal value of the US dollar as the monetary unit of record unadjusted for inflation. Time-period principle: implies that the economic activities of an enterprise can be divided into artificial time periods.
Unusual and Prior Period Items and Changes in Accounting Policies (1978) Net Profit or Loss for the Period, Fundamental Errors and Changes in Accounting Policies (1993) Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors (2003) 1978 January 1, 1979: IAS 9: Accounting for Research and Development Activities 1978 January 1, 1980: July ...
Historical Cost Accounting, i.e., financial capital maintenance in nominal monetary units, is based on the stable measuring unit assumption under which accountants simply assume that money, the monetary unit of measure, is perfectly stable in real value for the purpose of measuring (1) monetary items not inflation-indexed daily in terms of the ...
A going concern is an accounting term for a business that is assumed will meet its financial obligations when they become due. It functions without the threat of liquidation for the foreseeable future, which is usually regarded as at least the next 12 months or the specified accounting period (the longer of the two).
In accrual basis accounting, the matching principle (or expense recognition principle) [1] dictates that an expense should be reported in the same period as the corresponding revenue is earned. The revenue recognition principle states that revenues should be recorded in the period in which they are earned, regardless of when the cash is ...
Throughput accounting (TA) is a principle-based and simplified management accounting approach that provides managers with decision support information for enterprise profitability improvement. This approach identifies the factors which limit an organization's ability to reach its goals, and then focuses on simple measures that drive behavior in ...
Each cash inflow/outflow is discounted back to its present value (PV). Then all are summed such that NPV is the sum of all terms: = (+) where: t is the time of the cash flow; i is the discount rate, i.e. the return that could be earned per unit of time on an investment with similar risk
The term generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) was popularized in the late 1930s. [ 1 ] [ better source needed ] Some important elements that accounting standards cover include identifying the exact entity which is reporting, discussing any "going concern" questions, specifying monetary units, and reporting time frames.