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In order to facilitate the development of applications for mobile devices, and the consistency thereof, various approaches have been taken. Most companies that ship a product (e.g. Apple, iPod/iPhone/iPad) provide an official software development kit (SDK). They may also opt to provide some form of Testing and/or Quality Assurance (QA).
ISO/IEC/IEEE 12207 Systems and software engineering – Software life cycle processes [1] is an international standard for software lifecycle processes. First introduced in 1995, it aims to be a primary standard that defines all the processes required for developing and maintaining software systems, including the outcomes and/or activities of each process.
The relationship between the size of software and the effort required to produce it is called productivity. For example, if a software engineer has built a small web-based calculator application, we can say that the project effort was 280 man-hours. However, this does not give any information about the size of the software product itself ...
IT Application Portfolio Management (APM) is a practice that has emerged in mid to large-size information technology (IT) organizations since the mid-1990s. [1] Application Portfolio Management attempts to use the lessons of financial portfolio management to justify and measure the financial benefits of each application in comparison to the costs of the application's maintenance and operations.
In the early 1970s, companies began to separate out software maintenance with its own team of engineers to free up software development teams from support tasks. [1] In 1972, R. G. Canning published "The Maintenance 'Iceberg '", in which he contended that software maintenance was an extension of software development with an additional input: the existing system. [1]
Cost estimation in software engineering is typically concerned with the financial spend on the effort to develop and test the software, this can also include requirements review, maintenance, training, managing and buying extra equipment, servers and software. Many methods have been developed for estimating software costs for a given project.
The estimation approaches based on functionality-based size measures, e.g., function points, is also based on research conducted in the 1970s and 1980s, but are re-calibrated with modified size measures and different counting approaches, such as the use case points [11] or object points and COSMIC Function Points in the 1990s.
As a result, infrastructure resources can be increased rapidly, instead of waiting weeks for computers to ship and set up. IaaS requires time and expertise to make use of the infrastructure in the form of operating systems and applications. [4] Platform as a service (PaaS) includes the operating system and middleware, but not the applications.