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This visualization also explains why integration by parts may help find the integral of an inverse function f−1 (x) when the integral of the function f (x) is known. Indeed, the functions x (y) and y (x) are inverses, and the integral ∫ x dy may be calculated as above from knowing the integral ∫ y dx.
Infinite product. In mathematics, for a sequence of complex numbers a1, a2, a3, ... the infinite product. is defined to be the limit of the partial products a1a2... an as n increases without bound. The product is said to converge when the limit exists and is not zero. Otherwise the product is said to diverge.
The triple product rule, known variously as the cyclic chain rule, cyclic relation, cyclical rule or Euler's chain rule, is a formula which relates partial derivatives of three interdependent variables. The rule finds application in thermodynamics, where frequently three variables can be related by a function of the form f (x, y, z) = 0, so ...
Telescoping series. Series whose partial sums eventually only have a fixed number of terms after cancellation. In mathematics, a telescoping series is a series whose general term is of the form , i.e. the difference of two consecutive terms of a sequence . As a consequence the partial sums of the series only consists of two terms of after ...
Partial orders. A reflexive, weak, [1] or non-strict partial order, [2] commonly referred to simply as a partial order, is a homogeneous relation ≤ on a set that is reflexive, antisymmetric, and transitive. That is, for all it must satisfy: Reflexivity: , i.e. every element is related to itself.
The Wallace tree is a variant of long multiplication. The first step is to multiply each digit (each bit) of one factor by each digit of the other. Each of these partial products has weight equal to the product of its factors. The final product is calculated by the weighted sum of all these partial products.
The Basel problem is a problem in mathematical analysis with relevance to number theory, concerning an infinite sum of inverse squares. It was first posed by Pietro Mengoli in 1650 and solved by Leonhard Euler in 1734, [1] and read on 5 December 1735 in The Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences. [2] Since the problem had withstood the attacks of ...
e. In mathematics, a partial derivative of a function of several variables is its derivative with respect to one of those variables, with the others held constant (as opposed to the total derivative, in which all variables are allowed to vary). Partial derivatives are used in vector calculus and differential geometry.
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