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The Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) is an index derived from the Oswestry Low Back Pain Questionnaire used by clinicians and researchers to quantify disability for low back pain and quality of life. This validated questionnaire was first published by Jeremy Fairbank et al. in Physiotherapy in 1980. [1] The current version was published in the ...
The modified Rankin Scale (mRS) is a commonly used scale for measuring the degree of disability or dependence in the daily activities of people who have suffered a stroke or other causes of neurological disability. It has become the most widely used clinical outcome measure for stroke clinical trials. [ 1 ][ 2 ]
Existing evidence is largely retrospective studies and systematic reviews of those studies. Surgical outcomes are typically assessed by VAS scores (numerical pain scores) and various questionnaires (e.g. Oswestry Disability Index), potentially with a follow up of up to 2 years, [64] [66] [20] however no validated outcome measure exists. [20]
The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System[1] (PROMIS) provides clinicians and researchers access to reliable, valid, and flexible measures of health status that assess physical, mental, and social well–being from the patient perspective. PROMIS measures are standardized, allowing for assessment of many patient-reported ...
Pain scale. A Chinese pain scale diagram, rating pain on a scale of 1 to 10. A pain scale measures a patient 's pain intensity or other features. Pain scales are a common communication tool in medical contexts, and are used in a variety of medical settings. Pain scales are a necessity to assist with better assessment of pain and patient screening.
Outcome measure. An outcome measure, endpoint, effect measure or measure of effect is a measure within medical practice or research, (primarily clinical trials) which is used to assess the effect, both positive and negative, of an intervention or treatment. [1][2] Measures can often be quantified using effect sizes. [3]
The Oxford Hip Score (OHS) is a standard patient-reported outcome (PRO) measure, or PROM, developed to assess function and pain in patients undergoing total hip replacement (THR) surgery, [ 1 ][ 2 ] particularly in the context of clinical trials. The OHS has also been used for the assessment of patient outcomes, including physical therapy, and ...
Outcomes research is applied to clinical and population based research that seeks to study and optimize the end results of healthcare in terms of benefits to the patient and society. The intent of this research is to identify shortfalls in practice and to develop strategies to improve care. Like clinical trials, outcomes research seeks to ...