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Teacup calcifications, also known as the "teacup sign," are a specific radiologic sign indicative of benign breast conditions, particularly milk of calcium within cysts. [1] These calcifications exhibit a distinctive appearance on mammography, helping radiologists in distinguishing benign entities from malignant ones.
When consisting of calcium phosphate, they are usually dystrophic calcifications (occurring in degenerated or necrotic tissue). [3] Yet, the mechanism of their formation is not fully known. [4] Calcium oxalate crystals in the breast may be seen on mammography and are usually benign, but can be associated with lobular carcinoma in situ. [5]
Following nearly 400 women for 18 years, one team found that atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease - clogged arteries limiting blood flow - was diagnosed in 23% of women with breast arterial ...
Atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) is the term used for a benign lesion of the breast that indicates an increased risk of breast cancer. [1]The name of the entity is descriptive of the lesion; ADH is characterized by cellular proliferation (hyperplasia) within one or two breast ducts and (histomorphologic) architectural abnormalities, i.e. the cells are arranged in an abnormal or atypical way ...
The estimated prevalence of fibrocystic breast changes in women over their lifetime varies widely in the literature, ranging from 30 to 60% [23] over about 50 to 60% [24] to about 60 to 75% of all women. [25] The condition is most common among women between 30 and 50 years of age. [25]
There is usually no mitotic activity, and two cells populations (epithelial & myoepithelial) are present, like in benign breast glands. The lesions are typically small (less than 50 spherules per lesion, less than 100 micrometers in size) and may be multifocal.
Dystrophic calcification (DC) is the calcification occurring in degenerated or necrotic tissue, as in hyalinized scars, degenerated foci in leiomyomas, and caseous nodules. This occurs as a reaction to tissue damage, [ 1 ] including as a consequence of medical device implantation.
Calcification is the accumulation of calcium salts in a body tissue. It normally occurs in the formation of bone, but calcium can be deposited abnormally in soft tissue, [1] [2] causing it to harden. Calcifications may be classified on whether there is mineral balance or not, and the location of the calcification. [3]