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  2. Surface roughness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_roughness

    Although a high roughness value is often undesirable, it can be difficult and expensive to control in manufacturing. For example, it is difficult and expensive to control surface roughness of fused deposition modelling (FDM) manufactured parts. [3] Decreasing the roughness of a surface usually increases its manufacturing cost.

  3. Moody chart - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moody_chart

    In engineering, the Moody chart or Moody diagram (also Stanton diagram) is a graph in non-dimensional form that relates the Darcy–Weisbach friction factor f D, Reynolds number Re, and surface roughness for fully developed flow in a circular pipe. It can be used to predict pressure drop or flow rate down such a pipe.

  4. Surface imperfections (optics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_imperfections_(optics)

    Roughness, texture or optical finish is a defect that originates from the element's manufacturing. Texture is a periodical phenomenon with a high spatial frequency (or in other words, in small dimensions), which affects the entire surface and causes the scattering of incident light. [7] A higher value of roughness means a rougher surface. [7]

  5. Surface metrology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_metrology

    Surface metrology is the measurement of small-scale features on surfaces, and is a branch of metrology. Surface primary form, surface fractality, and surface finish (including surface roughness) are the parameters most commonly associated with the field. It is important to many disciplines and is mostly known for the machining of precision ...

  6. Surface finish - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_finish

    Surface finish, also known as surface texture or surface topography, is the nature of a surface as defined by the three characteristics of lay, surface roughness, and waviness. [1] It comprises the small, local deviations of a surface from the perfectly flat ideal (a true plane ).

  7. Gloss (optics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloss_(optics)

    Surface roughness influences the specular reflectance levels; in the visible frequencies, the surface finish in the micrometre range is most relevant. The diagram on the right depicts the reflection at an angle i {\displaystyle i} on a rough surface with a characteristic roughness height variation Δ h {\displaystyle \Delta h} .

  8. Roughness length - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roughness_length

    As an approximation, the roughness length is approximately one-tenth of the height of the surface roughness elements. For example, short grass of height 0.01 meters has a roughness length of approximately 0.001 meters. Surfaces are rougher if they have more protrusions. Forests have much larger roughness lengths than tundra, for example.

  9. ISO 25178 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_25178

    Under 25178, industry-specific taxonomies such as roughness vs waviness are replaced by the more general concept of "scale limited surface" and "cut-off" by "nesting index". The new available filters are described in the series of technical specifications included in ISO 16610 .