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Pope Alexander II (1010/1015 – 21 April 1073), born Anselm of Baggio, [1] was the head of the Roman Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 1061 to his death in 1073. Born in Milan , Anselm was deeply involved in the Pataria reform movement.
Pope Stephen I (Saint), elected 12 May 254 and martyred 2 August 257 [4] [1] Pope Sixtus II (Saint), elected 30 August 257 and martyred 6 August 258 [4] Pope Dionysius (Saint), elected 22 July 259 after year of persecutions and died 26 December 268, martyred [4] Pope Felix I (Saint), elected 5 January 269 and died 30 December 274, martyred [4]
On February 1, 1130, Pope Innocent II was elected, but some of the cardinals elected an antipope, Cardinal Pierleoni, who took the name of Anacletus II. Threatened by Anaclet's schism, which lasted 8 years, Innocent II regained his power only with the support of France, England and the Emperor. [7]
The death of his predecessor, Aimo, cannot be dated exactly and it is uncertain who promoted Ermenfrid to his office. [1]: 225 It is apparent that he occupied his see in Sion for than 30 years, a period in which he presided over several Councils in his capacity as papal legate to Pope Alexander II (1061-1073).
Pope Alexander II developed recruitment systems via oaths for military resourcing that Gregory VII further extended across Europe. These were deployed by the Church in the Christian conflicts with Muslims in the Iberian Peninsula and for the Norman conquest of Sicily. Gregory VII went further in 1074, planning a display of military power to ...
Alexander II Zabinas, king of the Greek Seleucid kingdom in 128–123 BC; Alexander (912–913), Eastern Roman emperor; Pope Alexander II of Alexandria, ruled in 702–729; Patriarch Alexander II of Alexandria; Pope Alexander II (died 1073), pope from 1061 to 1073; Alexander II of Scotland (1198–1249), king of Scots
Woodcut of a medieval king investing a bishop with the symbols of office, Philip Van Ness Myers, 1905. The Investiture Controversy or Investiture Contest (German: Investiturstreit, pronounced [ɪnvɛstiˈtuːɐ̯ˌʃtʁaɪt] ⓘ) was a conflict between the Church and the state in medieval Europe over the ability to choose and install bishops (investiture) [1] and abbots of monasteries and the ...
William the Conqueror William is depicted in the Bayeux Tapestry during the Battle of Hastings, lifting his helmet to show that he is still alive. King of England Reign 25 December 1066 – 9 September 1087 Coronation 25 December 1066 Predecessor Edgar Ætheling (uncrowned) Harold II (crowned) Successor William II Duke of Normandy Reign 3 July 1035 – 9 September 1087 Predecessor Robert I ...