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The First Battle of El Alamein (1–27 July 1942) was a battle of the Western Desert campaign of World War II, fought in Egypt between Axis (German and Italian) forces of the Panzer Army Africa—which included the Afrika Korps under Field Marshal Erwin Rommel—and Allied (British Empire and Commonwealth) forces of the Eighth Army under General Claude Auchinleck.
There were two Battles of El Alamein in World War II, both fought in 1942. The battles occurred during the North African campaign in Egypt, in and around an area named after a railway stop called El Alamein. First Battle of El Alamein: 1–27 July 1942; Second Battle of El Alamein: 23 October – 4 November 1942
After receiving supplies and reinforcements from Tripoli, the Axis attacked again, defeating the Allies in the Battle of Gazala in June and capturing Tobruk. The Axis forces drove the Eighth Army back over the Egyptian border, but their advance was stopped in July only 90 miles (140 km) from Alexandria in the First Battle of El Alamein.
30 June: Axis forces reach El Alamein and attack the Allied defences, the First Battle of El Alamein begins; 4 July: First Battle of El Alamein continues as Axis digs in and Eighth Army launches series of attacks; 31 July: Auchinleck calls off offensive activities to allow Eighth Army to regroup and resupply
British troops dig in at El Alamein during the battle, 4 July 1942 An attempt to drive the Eighth Army out of the Alamein position took place in the First Battle of El Alamein (1–27 July 1942). After four days Rommel called off the attempt due to the strength of the Eighth Army defence, depleted Axis supplies and dwindling forces, with German ...
The breakout was a success and the New Zealand Division was moved into the defensive line centred on the small railway town of El Alamein. [24] The New Zealanders were positioned to the south of the town and ordered to take the high ground at the El Ruasat Ridge. The attack began at 11 pm on 14 July. [24]
The Second Battle of El Alamein (23 October – 11 November 1942) was a battle of the Second World War that took place near the Egyptian railway halt of El Alamein.The First Battle of El Alamein and the Battle of Alam el Halfa had prevented the Axis from advancing further into Egypt.
The First Battle of El Alamein and the Battle of Alam el Halfa had prevented the Axis from advancing further into Egypt. The Allied victory was the beginning of the end of the Western Desert Campaign, eliminating the Axis threat to Egypt, the Suez Canal and the Middle Eastern and Persian oil fields. The battle revived the morale of the Allies ...