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The history of biology traces the study of the living world from ancient to modern times. Although the concept of biology as a single coherent field arose in the 19th century, the biological sciences emerged from traditions of medicine and natural history reaching back to Ayurveda, ancient Egyptian medicine and the works of Aristotle, Theophrastus and Galen in the ancient Greco-Roman world.
Emphasized the importance of medium, and coined terms like "global village" and "the medium is the message" [211] Political science: Aristotle Niccolò Machiavelli* Thomas Hobbes** Aristotle is called the father of political science largely because of his work entitled Politics. This treatise is divided into eight books, and deals with subjects ...
[1] [6] Hence, there are multiple subdisciplines within biology, each defined by the nature of their research questions and the tools that they use. [7] [8] [9] Like other scientists, biologists use the scientific method to make observations, pose questions, generate hypotheses, perform experiments, and form conclusions about the world around ...
The term "taxonomy" was coined by Augustin Pyramus de Candolle [4] while the term "systematic" was coined by Carl Linnaeus the father of taxonomy. [ citation needed ] Taxonomy, systematic biology, systematics, biosystematics, scientific classification, biological classification, phylogenetics: At various times in history, all these words have ...
Darwin's theory, as much as it is a foundation of modern biology, is a prime example. G. E. Hutchinson, identified above as the "father of modern ecology", through his influence raised the status of much of ecology to that of a rigorous science.
The word ecology was coined by Ernst Haeckel, whose particularly holistic view of nature in general (and Darwin's theory in particular) was important in the spread of ecological thinking. [230] The field of ecosystem ecology emerged in the Atomic Age with the use of radioisotopes to visualize food webs and by the 1970s ecosystem ecology deeply ...
The discovery of new types of radiation and the simultaneous revelation of the nature of atomic structure and matter are two additional highlights. In astronomy, the planet Neptune was discovered. In mathematics, the notion of complex numbers finally matured and led to a subsequent analytical theory; they also began the use of hypercomplex numbers.
The word ecology (German: Ökologie) was coined in 1866 by the German scientist Ernst Haeckel. The science of ecology as we know it today began with a group of American botanists in the 1890s. [1] Evolutionary concepts relating to adaptation and natural selection are cornerstones of modern ecological theory.