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Reconstructed Roman chariot drawn by horses. Approximate historical map of the spread of the spoke-wheeled chariot, 2000—500 BC. A chariot is a type of vehicle similar to a cart, driven by a charioteer, usually using horses [note 1] to provide rapid motive power.
Present-day desert in the Sahara was once agricultural land of fairly good quality that was further enhanced through the Garamantian irrigation system. As fossil water is a non-renewable resource , over several centuries of the Garamantian kingdom, the ground water level fell, [ 19 ] thereby, contributing to its end in the late 7th century AD.
[1] The bronze age was the heyday of the chariot. It was one of the main technological advances that allowed for the Indo-european migration throughout Eurasia [page needed] and the chariot remained a key status symbol and weapon of war of Egyptians, Mesopotamians, Hittites and Mycenaeans until the bronze age collapse. [1]
The Bedouin originated in the Syrian Desert [18] and Arabian Desert but spread across the rest of the Arab world in West Asia and North Africa after the spread of Islam. [19] The English word bedouin comes from the Arabic badawī , which means "desert-dweller", and is traditionally contrasted with ḥāḍir , the term for sedentary people . [ 20 ]
The first chariot was used extensively, and the Sumerians possessed a dynamic and innovative military. Early cavalry were employed as shock troops, needed to punch holes into the enemy lines to allow infantry to penetrate them, isolate pockets and eliminate them. They were also used to harass enemy flanks, and sometimes outflank enemies, and ...
The wheel in Africa was used, to various extents, throughout the history of Africa. [1] While it may have been common for Africans to manually carry their goods or use pack animals to transport economic goods in Africa, there was broad awareness, knowledge, and use of wheeled transports (e.g., carts, carriages, [1] chariots, [1] [2] wagons [2] [3]) in Africa. [1]
Many people think of deserts as consisting of extensive areas of billowing sand dunes because that is the way they are often depicted on TV and in films, [1] but deserts do not always look like this. [2] Across the world, around 20% of desert is sand, varying from only 2% in North America to 30% in Australia and over 45% in Central Asia. [3]
Eamonn Gearon.The Sahara: A Cultural History.Signal Books, UK, 2011. Oxford University Press, USA, 2011. David W. Ball Empires of Sand, Bantam Dell, 1999. The second half of this novel details the Flatters expedition of 1881 that ended in grisly fashion for the expedition and put an end to French plans for a trans-Saharan railway