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Pravastatin, sold under the brand name Pravachol among others, is a statin medication, used for preventing cardiovascular disease in those at high risk and treating abnormal lipids. [5] It is suggested to be used together with diet changes, exercise, and weight loss. [ 5 ]
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Treatment of the cancer pain is tailored to the child based on age, treatment, and side effects. The goal is to achieve sufficient background control of pain and minimize any acute exacerbation of severe pain. Often, medications such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), acetaminophen, or opiates are used to manage the pain ...
"Pain ladder", or analgesic ladder, was created by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a guideline for the use of drugs in the management of pain. Originally published in 1986 for the management of cancer pain , it is now widely used by medical professionals for the management of all types of pain .
Worldwide, nearly 80% of people with cancer receive little or no pain medication. [4] Cancer pain in children and in people with intellectual disabilities is also reported as being under-treated. [5] Guidelines for the use of drugs in the management of cancer pain have been published by the World Health Organization (WHO) and others.
A separate list for children up to 12 years of age, known as the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines for Children (EMLc), was created in 2007 and is in its 9th edition. [ 10 ] [ 21 ] [ 22 ] [ 23 ] It was created to make sure that the needs of children were systematically considered such as availability of proper formulations .
Patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) is a related term describing the patient-controlled administration of analgesic medicine in the epidural space, by way of intermittent boluses or infusion pumps. This can be used by women in labour, terminally ill cancer patients or to manage post-operative pain. [5]
In the United States in 2012, it was estimated that there was an incidence of 12,000 new cases, and 1,300 deaths, from cancer among children 0 to 14 years of age. [64] Cancer is the second leading cause of death in males and fourth in women under the age of 20 in the United States. The survival rate of children with cancer has improved since ...