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The clinical manifestation of this group of disorders is chronic joint inflammation that results in pain, swelling, warm and stiffness of the joints that persistent for a long period of time. [10] General signs of childhood arthritis disorders include: Joints: Swollen, stiff, red, warm, and/or painful joints. [9]
Juvenile, in this context, refers to disease onset before 16 years of age, while idiopathic refers to a condition with no defined cause, and arthritis is inflammation within the joint. [4] JIA is an autoimmune, noninfective, inflammatory joint disease, the cause of which remains poorly understood. It is characterised by chronic joint inflammation.
Grisel's syndrome is a non-traumatic subluxation of the atlanto-axial joint caused by inflammation of the adjacent tissues. This is a rare disease that usually affects children. Progressive throat and neck pain and neck stiffness can be followed by neurologic symptoms such as pain or numbness radiating to arms (radiculopathies).
Inflammatory arthritis is a group of diseases which includes: rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthropathy, inflammatory bowel disease, adult-onset Still's disease, scleroderma, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
Acute septic arthritis, infectious arthritis, suppurative arthritis, pyogenic arthritis, [4] osteomyelitis, or joint infection is the invasion of a joint by an infectious agent resulting in joint inflammation. Generally speaking, symptoms typically include redness, heat and pain in a single joint associated with a decreased ability to move the ...
Septic arthritis is the purulent invasion of a joint by an infectious agent [5] [6] with a resultant large effusion due to inflammation. [7] Septic arthritis is a serious condition. It can lead to irreversible joint damage in the event of delayed diagnosis or mismanagement. It is basically a disease of children and adolescence. [6]
There is a limited range of motion of the hip joint. Nevertheless, children with transient synovitis of the hip can usually weight bear. This is an important clinical differentiating sign from septic arthritis. [8] Blood tests may show mild inflammation. An ultrasound scan of the hip joint can show a fluid collection .
The tests also include MRI, ultrasound and X-ray test, which give better information about the joint inflammation. [7] Although MRI is superior method for this assessment, the US using the HEAD-US method performed by paediatric radiologists is a reliable tool for detection and quantification of haemophilic arthropathy in children in comparison ...