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After the Philippines became a theater of operations in the Spanish–American War, with hostilities commencing on May 1, 1898, with the Battle of Manila Bay, Aguinaldo and others returned from exile to the Philippines in order to resume their revolution against the Spanish colonial government. On May 24, in the wake of his military victories ...
The types of sovereign state leaders in the Philippines have varied throughout the country's history, from heads of ancient chiefdoms, kingdoms and sultanates in the pre-colonial period, to the leaders of Spanish, American, and Japanese colonial governments, until the directly elected president of the modern sovereign state of the Philippines.
In 1521, explorer Ferdinand Magellan landed in the Philippines and claimed the islands for Spain [29] Miguel López de Legazpi forced the Treaty of Cebu on Rajah Tupas, which effectively gave Spain suzerainty over Cebu. [30] From Cebu, Legaspi expanded Spanish rule across the Philippines, taking possession of Manila for Spain in 1571. [31]
Suzerainty is a practical, de facto situation, rather than a legal, de jure one. Current examples include Bhutan and India. India is responsible for military training, arms supplies, and the air defense of Bhutan. [3] [4] [5] [6]
On October 11, 1945, the Philippines became one of the founding members of the United Nations. [134] [135] On July 4, 1946, the Philippines was officially recognized by the United States as an independent nation through the Treaty of Manila between the governments of the United States and the Philippine islands, during the presidency of Manuel ...
There are also sometimes contending claimants to the titles. For aristocratic descendants, the following are several examples: Datu Pax Mangudadatu – former Governor of Sultan Kudarat from 2001 to 2004; The Maguindanao Sultanate has an incumbent titular Sultan, Hajji Datu Amir bin Muhammad Baraguir – the 25th Sultan of Maguindanao.
The history of the Philippines from 1565 to 1898 is known as the Spanish colonial period, during which the Philippine Islands were ruled as the Captaincy General of the Philippines within the Spanish East Indies, initially under the Viceroyalty of New Spain, based in Mexico City, until the independence of the Mexican Empire from Spain in 1821.
The Kiram–Bates Treaty, also known as the Bates Treaty, was a treaty signed by the United States and the Sultanate of Sulu during the Philippine–American War. [1] [2] The treaty functioned to prevent the entry of the Sulu Sultanate into the Philippine–American War while the United States concentrated its forces in northern Luzon.