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Phagocytosis (from Ancient Greek φαγεῖν (phagein) 'to eat' and κύτος (kytos) 'cell') is the process by which a cell uses its plasma membrane to engulf a large particle (≥ 0.5 μm), giving rise to an internal compartment called the phagosome. It is one type of endocytosis. A cell that performs phagocytosis is called a phagocyte.
Steps of a macrophage ingesting a pathogen: a. Ingestion through phagocytosis, a phagosome is formed b. The fusion of lysosomes with the phagosome creates a phagolysosome; the pathogen is broken down by enzymes c. Waste material is expelled or assimilated (the latter not pictured) Parts: 1. Pathogens 2. Phagosome 3. Lysosomes 4. Waste material ...
1) Antibodies (A) and pathogens (B) circular in the blood. 2) The antibodies bind to pathogens with complementary antigen sequences, engaging in opsonization (2a), neutralisation (2b), and agglutination (2c). 3) A phagocyte (C) approaches the pathogen, and Fc region (D) of the antibody binds to one of the Fc receptors (E) on the phagocyte.
Unbound phagocyte surface receptors do not trigger phagocytosis. 2. Binding of receptors causes them to cluster. 3. Phagocytosis is triggered and the particle is taken up by the phagocyte. Phagocytosis is the process of taking in particles such as bacteria, invasive fungi, parasites, dead host cells, and cellular and foreign debris by a cell. [22]
Phagocytosis, derived from the Greek words phagein, meaning to eat, kytos or cell, and “osis” meaning process, was first described by Élie Metchnikoff, who won the Nobel Prize 100 years ago. Phagocytosis involves the internalization of solids, such as bacteria, by an organism. Phagocytosis in Three Steps
The process of phagocytosis showing phagolysosome formation. Lysosome(shown in green) fuses with phagosome to form a phagolysosome. Membrane fusion of the phagosome and lysosome is regulated by the Rab5 protein, [1] a G protein that allows the exchange of material between these two organelles but prevents complete fusion of their membranes. [1]
English: This is the process in which a a Phagocyte encounters a pathogen. The pathogen has viral proteins that are detected by the receptors of the host cell. The phagocyte then engulfs the pathogen creating a phagosome.
The cleaved products attract phagocytes to the site of infection and tags target cells for elimination by phagocytosis. In addition, the C5 convertase initiates the terminal phase of the complement system, leading to the assembly of the membrane attack complex . The membrane attack complex creates a pore on the target cell's membrane, inducing ...