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Space-filling model of the PTEN protein (blue) complexed with tartaric acid (brown) [5] Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is a phosphatase in humans and is encoded by the PTEN gene. [6] Mutations of this gene are a step in the development of many cancers, specifically glioblastoma, lung cancer, breast cancer, and prostate cancer.
PTEN also refers to a member of the class, phosphatase and tensin homolog. [ citation needed ] This enzyme participates in 10 metabolic pathways : inositol phosphate metabolism , phosphatidylinositol signaling system , p53 signaling pathway , focal adhesion , tight junction , endometrial cancer , glioma , prostate cancer , melanoma , and small ...
However, among well-studied phosphatase/kinase pairs, phosphatases exhibit greater variety than their kinase counterparts in both form and function; this may result from the lesser degree of conservation among phosphatases. [4] Calcineurin (PP2B) is a protein phosphatase enzyme involved in immune system function.
A protein phosphatase is a phosphatase enzyme that removes a phosphate group from the phosphorylated amino acid residue of its substrate protein. Protein phosphorylation is one of the most common forms of reversible protein posttranslational modification ( PTM ), with up to 30% of all proteins being phosphorylated at any given time.
The PtdIns(3,4,5)P 3 phosphatase PTEN that antagonises PI3K signaling is absent from many tumours. In addition, the epidermal growth factor receptor EGFR that functions upstream of PI3K is mutationally activated or overexpressed in cancer.
PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) is a tumor suppressor gene encoding a protein PTEN, which possesses lipid and protein phosphatase-dependent as well as phosphatase-independent activities. [62] PTEN protein phosphatase is able to interfere with MET signaling by dephosphorylating either PIP 3 generated by PI3K, or the p52 isoform of SHC.
PTEN chromosomal location is 10q23.31, while the molecular location is 87,863,438 to 87,971,930 [2] [7] There are many syndromes that are linked to PTEN aside from Bannayan–Riley–Ruvalcaba Syndrome. [8] The syndrome combines Bannayan–Zonana syndrome, Riley–Smith syndrome, and Ruvalcaba–Myhre–Smith syndrome. [9]
PTEN may mean: Prime Time Entertainment Network; PTEN (gene), a human tumour suppressor gene on chromosome 10 (and its protein: phosphatase and tensin homolog)