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  2. List of chemical elements named after places - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_chemical_elements...

    This list of chemical elements named after places includes elements named both directly and indirectly for places. 41 of the 118 chemical elements have names associated with, or specifically named for, places around the world or among astronomical objects.

  3. List of chemical elements - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_chemical_elements

    118 chemical elements have been identified and named officially by IUPAC.A chemical element, often simply called an element, is a type of atom which has a specific number of protons in its atomic nucleus (i.e., a specific atomic number, or Z).

  4. Periodic table - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periodic_table

    Boron (1s 2 2s 2 2p 1) puts its new electron in a 2p orbital; carbon (1s 2 2s 2 2p 2) fills a second 2p orbital; and with nitrogen (1s 2 2s 2 2p 3) all three 2p orbitals become singly occupied. This is consistent with Hund's rule , which states that atoms usually prefer to singly occupy each orbital of the same type before filling them with the ...

  5. List of chemical element name etymologies - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_chemical_element...

    41 of the 118 known elements have names associated with, or specifically named for, places around the world or among astronomical objects. 32 of these have names tied to the places on Earth, and the other nine are named after to Solar System objects: helium for the Sun; tellurium for the Earth; selenium for the Moon; mercury (indirectly), uranium, neptunium and plutonium after their respective ...

  6. Lanthanum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lanthanum

    Due to the large size of the La 3+ ion, La 2 O 3 adopts a hexagonal 7-coordinate structure that changes to the 6-coordinate structure of scandium oxide (Sc 2 O 3) and yttrium oxide (Y 2 O 3) at high temperature. When it reacts with water, lanthanum hydroxide is formed: [37] a lot of heat is evolved in the reaction and a hissing sound is heard

  7. Types of periodic tables - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Types_of_periodic_tables

    2018 — Beylkin's periodic table of the elements:4n 2 periods, where n = 2,3..., and shows symmetry, regularity, and elegance, more so than Janet's left step table [121] 2019 — Alexander arrangement unwrapped... and rewrapped: p, d and f blocks moving away from the s block in 3-dimensional space [ 122 ]

  8. Niobium - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niobium

    H 2 [NbOF 5] + 2 KF → K 2 [NbOF 5]↓ + 2 HF. Followed by: 2 H 2 [NbOF 5] + 10 NH 4 OH → Nb 2 O 5 ↓ + 10 NH 4 F + 7 H 2 O. Several methods are used for the reduction to metallic niobium. The electrolysis of a molten mixture of K 2 [NbOF 5] and sodium chloride is one; the other is the reduction of the fluoride with sodium. With this method ...

  9. Cerium - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerium

    The compound ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) (NH 4) 2 [Ce(NO 3) 6] is the most common cerium compound encountered in the laboratory. The six nitrate ligands bind as bidentate ligands . The complex [Ce(NO 3 ) 6 ] 2− is 12-coordinate, a high coordination number which emphasizes the large size of the Ce 4+ ion.