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  2. Vertisol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertisol

    Vertisols of the world A more detailed map of the global distribution of Vertisols. A vertisol is a Soil Order in the USDA soil taxonomy [1] and a Reference Soil Group in the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB). [2] It is also defined in many other soil classification systems. In the Australian Soil Classification it is called ...

  3. Expansive clay - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expansive_clay

    Expansive clay, also called expansive soil, is a clay soil prone to large volume changes (swelling and shrinking) directly related to changes in water content. [1] Soils with a high content of expansive minerals can form deep cracks in drier seasons or years; such soils are called vertisols.

  4. Water-reactive substances - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water-reactive_substances

    Water-reactive substances [1] are those that spontaneously undergo a chemical reaction with water, often noted as generating flammable gas. [2] Some are highly reducing in nature. [ 3 ] Notable examples include alkali metals , lithium through caesium , and alkaline earth metals , magnesium through barium .

  5. Shrink–swell capacity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shrink–swell_capacity

    Soils with this shrink-swell capacity fall under the soil order of Vertisols. [6] As these soils dry, deep cracks can form on the surface, which then allows water to penetrate to deeper levels of the soil. [7] This can cause the swelling of these soils to become cyclical, with periods of both shrinking and swelling.

  6. Entisol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entisol

    Because of the diversity of their properties, suborders of entisols form individual Reference Soil Groups in the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB): psamments correlate with arenosols, and fluvents with fluvisols. Many orthents belong to regosols or leptosols. Most wassents and aquic subgroups of other suborders belong to the ...

  7. Mollisol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mollisol

    Mollisols of the world Mollisols are generally associated with the steppe biome. Mollisol is a soil type which has deep, high organic matter, nutrient-enriched surface soil (), typically between 60 and 80 cm (24-31 in) in depth.

  8. Outline of water - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_water

    Waterchemical substance with the chemical formula H 2 O. A water molecule contains one oxygen and two hydrogen atoms connected by covalent bonds. Water is a liquid at ambient conditions , but it often co-exists on Earth with its solid state, ice , and gaseous state ( water vapor or steam ).

  9. Planosol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planosol

    Haplic Planosol profile near Abiy Addi in Ethiopia Distribution of Planosols Soil profile of a Eutric Planosol. A Planosol in the World Reference Base for Soil Resources [1] is a soil with a light-coloured, coarse-textured, surface horizon that shows signs of periodic water stagnation and abruptly overlies a dense, slowly permeable subsoil with significantly more clay than the surface horizon.