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The extraocular muscles, or extrinsic ocular muscles, are the seven extrinsic muscles of the eye in humans and other animals. [1] Six of the extraocular muscles, the four recti muscles, and the superior and inferior oblique muscles, control movement of the eye. The other muscle, the levator palpebrae superioris, controls eyelid elevation.
Dissection of the muscles of the palate from behind. The five muscles of the soft palate play important roles in swallowing and breathing. The muscles are: Tensor veli palatini, which is involved in swallowing; Palatoglossus, involved in swallowing; Palatopharyngeus, involved in breathing; Levator veli palatini, involved in swallowing
From this nuclei excitatory fibres cross to the left abducens nucleus. There they project and stimulate the lateral rectus of the left eye via the abducens nerve. In addition, by the medial longitudinal fasciculus and oculomotor nuclei, they activate the medial rectus muscles on the right eye. As a result, both eyes will turn counter-clockwise.
The lateral rectus is the only muscle supplied by the abducens nerve (CN VI). The neuron cell bodies are located in the abducens nucleus in the pons.These neurons project axons as the abducens nerve which exit from the pontomedullary junction of the brainstem, travels through the cavernous sinus and enter the orbit through the superior orbital fissure.
The extraocular muscles rotate the eyeball around vertical, horizontal and antero-posterior axes. Extraocular muscles other than the medial rectus and lateral rectus have more than one action due to the angle they make with the optical axis of the eye while inserting into the eyeball. The superior and inferior oblique muscles make an angle of ...
The tensor veli palatini muscle receives motor innervation from the mandibular nerve (CN V 3) (a branch of the trigeminal nerve (CN V)) [2] via the nerve to medial pterygoid. [ 1 ] It is the only muscle of the palate not innervated by the pharyngeal plexus, which is formed by the vagal and glossopharyngeal nerves.
The inferior oblique muscle or obliquus oculi inferior is a thin, narrow muscle placed near the anterior margin of the floor of the orbit. The inferior oblique is one of the extraocular muscles , and is attached to the maxillary bone (origin) and the posterior, inferior, lateral surface of the eye (insertion).
The iris sphincter muscle (pupillary sphincter, pupillary constrictor, circular muscle of iris, circular fibers) is a muscle in the part of the eye called the iris.It encircles the pupil of the iris, appropriate to its function as a constrictor of the pupil.